There has been a terrorist attack in the city. A nuclear detonation device has been used and there are many dead as the result of this attack.
How would the nurse direct the handling of the bodies of the dead?
Use of local funeral home morgues.
Use of refrigerated trucks.
Use of the hospital morgue.
Use of mass graves.
Correct Answer : B,D
Choice A rationale
Local funeral home morgues would be quickly overwhelmed and inadequate for mass casualties resulting from a nuclear detonation. The sheer volume of bodies would exceed their capacity, and they may lack the specialized facilities required for handling contaminated remains, posing significant public health and safety risks. Normal morgue capacity is designed for typical mortality rates.
Choice B rationale
Refrigerated trucks provide a temporary, scalable solution for storing a large number of bodies, helping to prevent decomposition and the spread of pathogens in a mass casualty event. This method allows for organized collection and identification processes to be established while awaiting more permanent arrangements, crucial in disaster response. Proper refrigeration maintains body integrity.
Choice C rationale
Hospital morgues, like local funeral home morgues, have limited capacity and are primarily designed for routine patient deaths. In a large-scale disaster, they would be rapidly overfilled, compromising their ability to manage current hospital fatalities and posing logistical challenges for body management and identification. Normal hospital morgues are equipped for standard operations.
Choice D rationale
Mass graves are a last resort in extreme mass casualty events when conventional methods of body disposal are overwhelmed or impractical due to scale, contamination, or resource limitations. While a somber decision, they can be a necessary measure to manage large numbers of deceased individuals safely and efficiently, preventing widespread public health crises. Proper procedures minimize environmental impact.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Episiotomy involves an incision in the perineum to enlarge the vaginal opening. While it can facilitate delivery, it does not directly address the mechanical obstruction caused by the shoulder impacting against the maternal symphysis pubis, which is the hallmark of shoulder dystocia.
Choice B rationale
The McRoberts maneuver is most commonly used first to relieve shoulder dystocia. It involves hyperflexing the maternal hips onto the abdomen, which flattens the sacrum, rotates the symphysis pubis cephalad, and often allows the impacted anterior shoulder to clear underneath the symphysis pubis, facilitating delivery.
Choice C rationale
The Zavanelli maneuver involves pushing the fetal head back into the birth canal and performing a Cesarean section. This is a highly invasive and often last-resort maneuver, employed only after less invasive methods like McRoberts and suprapubic pressure have failed due to its significant risks.
Choice D rationale
Fundal pressure involves applying downward pressure on the top of the uterus. This maneuver is contraindicated in shoulder dystocia because it can worsen the impaction of the fetal shoulder against the maternal symphysis pubis, potentially leading to more severe injury to the fetus or mother.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hypertension is less likely to be a direct complication of peritoneal dialysis. In fact, effective peritoneal dialysis can help manage fluid balance and remove excess sodium, which can contribute to better blood pressure control in individuals with kidney failure. The process aims to remove solutes and water, often mitigating hypertensive states.
Choice B rationale
Hyperglycemia can be a complication of peritoneal dialysis due to the high dextrose concentration in the dialysate solution. Dextrose, a type of sugar, is used as an osmotic agent to draw excess fluid and waste products from the blood into the peritoneal cavity. This can lead to increased glucose absorption into the bloodstream.
Choice C rationale
Peritonitis, an inflammation of the peritoneum, is the most common and serious complication of peritoneal dialysis. It occurs due to bacterial or fungal contamination of the peritoneal cavity, often introduced during catheter manipulation or connection. Symptoms include abdominal pain, cloudy dialysate, and fever, requiring prompt antibiotic treatment.
Choice D rationale
Hypokalemia is generally not a common complication of peritoneal dialysis. The dialysate solution typically contains potassium or is potassium-free, allowing for controlled removal of potassium from the body. However, significant potassium imbalances are usually managed by adjusting the dialysate composition rather than being a frequent, inherent complication.
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