To achieve the outcome of fall prevention at home in the patient diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease (PD), which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care?

Arrange for social service consult for assistance with medication purchase.

Remove any obstacles such as area rugs, wires and unnecessary decorations.

Have the patient seen by a nursing assistant 3 times a week for hygiene assistance.

Refer the client to a nutritionist to address dietary measures.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Arrange for social service consult for assistance with medication purchase: While this is important for ensuring the patient has access to necessary medications, it is not directly related to fall prevention. Medication access is a separate concern and does not address the immediate environmental or physical aspects contributing to falls in a patient with Parkinson's Disease.

B. Remove any obstacles such as area rugs, wires and unnecessary decorations: Environmental safety is crucial in fall prevention for patients with Parkinson's Disease. Due to motor symptoms like tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia, individuals with PD are at an increased risk of tripping and falling. Removing obstacles in the home environment helps create a safer space and reduces the risk of falls.

C. Have the patient seen by a nursing assistant 3 times a week for hygiene assistance: While hygiene assistance may be helpful, this does not directly address fall prevention. Regular nursing or caregiver assistance can help with activities of daily living, but the most effective fall prevention strategy would be to modify the environment and address physical factors directly.

D. Refer the client to a nutritionist to address dietary measures: A nutritionist can be helpful for managing the patient's overall health, but diet does not directly prevent falls in Parkinson's Disease. Fall prevention strategies focus more on environmental changes, physical safety, and managing motor symptoms.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. removes the client's blood and returns high-dose corticosteroids to the patient: Plasmapheresis involves the removal of plasma from the blood, but it does not involve returning high-dose corticosteroids. It removes harmful substances (such as autoantibodies) from the plasma that contribute to disease symptoms, but it does not involve corticosteroid therapy directly.

B. removes the autoantibodies responsible for Myasthenia Gravis: In Myasthenia Gravis (MG), autoantibodies attack the acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction, leading to muscle weakness. Plasmapheresis is used to remove these autoantibodies from the bloodstream, helping to temporarily improve symptoms by reducing the immune system’s attack on the body’s own tissues.

C. treats the thymus gland dysfunction responsible for Myasthenia Gravis: Plasmapheresis does not directly treat the thymus gland. In some cases, thymectomy (removal of the thymus gland) may be indicated for MG, but plasmapheresis specifically addresses the immune response, not the thymus.

D. assists in the immune suppression along with corticosteroids: While plasmapheresis can temporarily reduce the autoimmune response, it does not function as a form of immune suppression like corticosteroids. Corticosteroids are immunosuppressive medications, but plasmapheresis itself is a physical process that removes harmful autoantibodies from the blood

A. variant B. Chronic stable C. Nocturnal D. Unstable

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Variant angina: Also known as Prinzmetal's angina, this type of angina is caused by a spasm in the coronary arteries, which can temporarily restrict blood flow to the heart. While it can be severe, it is typically not associated with an impending myocardial infarction (MI). It often occurs at rest and is usually relieved with medications like nitrates or calcium channel blockers.

B. Chronic stable angina: This is the most common type of angina and occurs with physical exertion or emotional stress, typically following a predictable pattern. The pain is generally relieved with rest or nitroglycerin and is not usually associated with an impending myocardial infarction. Chronic stable angina is more of a symptom of underlying coronary artery disease (CAD) rather than an emergency situation.

C. Nocturnal angina: This occurs during sleep or while at rest, and it may be associated with coronary artery disease, but it is generally not an indicator of an impending MI. It can sometimes be relieved by sleeping in an upright position or using medications such as nitrates.

D. Unstable angina: This type of angina is the most concerning because it occurs unexpectedly and can happen at rest, with minimal physical activity, or at night. The pain is more severe, lasts longer, and may not be relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. Unstable angina is considered a medical emergency and is closely related to an impending myocardial infarction (MI). It signifies that a plaque in the coronary artery is unstable and may rupture, leading to a clot formation, which can completely block the artery and result in a heart attack.

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To achieve the outcome of fall prevention at home in the patient diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease (PD), which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care?

Nursing Test Bank

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