To prevent a urinary infection in an older adult patient who is in traction for a broken femur, the nurse would:

Request a Foley catheter to be inserted.

Offer a urinal every 2 hours.

Encourage fluid intake to keep urine dilute.

Encourage intake of apple juice to keep urine acidic.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Requesting a Foley catheter for an older adult patient increases the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). Avoiding unnecessary catheterization is a better approach to prevent infections.

Choice B rationale

Offering a urinal every 2 hours may not significantly reduce the risk of urinary infections. While it encourages regular voiding, it does not address the need to keep urine dilute to prevent infections.

Choice C rationale

Encouraging fluid intake helps keep urine dilute, which reduces the risk of urinary tract infections. Adequate hydration flushes out bacteria and helps maintain a healthy urinary system.

Choice D rationale

While apple juice can help acidify urine, it is not the primary strategy for preventing urinary infections. Maintaining overall hydration with water is more effective in keeping the urine dilute and reducing infection risk.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

A 10% solution of chlorine bleach is an effective disinfectant for contaminated areas in the home. Chlorine bleach has broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties, making it suitable for killing various pathogens, including bacteria and viruses.

Choice B rationale

Soaking in a solution of povidone iodine for 30 minutes and rinsing with hot water is not practical for home disinfection. While povidone iodine is effective as a disinfectant, it is typically used for medical purposes and not for cleaning household surfaces.

Choice C rationale

A 12% solution of alcohol is not as effective as a 10% solution of chlorine bleach for disinfecting contaminated areas in the home. Alcohol concentrations above 70% are generally more effective for disinfection purposes.

Choice D rationale

Covering the area with boiling water and letting it air dry is not a reliable method for disinfecting contaminated areas. Boiling water may not effectively kill all pathogens, and this method lacks the broad-spectrum efficacy of chemical disinfectants.

A. The baby should receive immune globulin to protect him from the infection. B. The infant is at risk because the baby has not been immunized against the disease. C. Both infant and mother are at risk because the mother's immunity was acquired too long ago to be effective. D. Neither are at risk, because the mother has naturally acquired immunity, and she passes antibodies to the baby through the breast milk.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

While immune globulin can be given to non-immune individuals exposed to chickenpox, the baby already has some protection because the mother has naturally acquired immunity. Hence, giving immune globulin is not necessary in this case.

Choice B rationale

Although the infant has not been immunized against chickenpox, the baby still receives passive immunity through the mother's breast milk. The antibodies transferred via breastfeeding provide some level of protection to the baby.

Choice C rationale

The mother's immunity against chickenpox, acquired from a past infection, remains effective throughout her life. This immunity is transferred to the baby through the placenta during pregnancy and continues through breastfeeding, providing protection to the infant.

Choice D rationale

The mother’s naturally acquired immunity from her childhood infection provides antibodies against chickenpox that she passes on to the baby through the breast milk. This passive immunity helps protect the baby from the infection.

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To prevent a urinary infection in an older adult patient who is in traction for a broken femur, the nurse would:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse recommends a good agent for disinfecting contaminated areas in the home is:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A mother and her 2-week-old infant, who is breastfed, have been exposed to chicken pox. Although the mother had chicken pox as a child, she is concerned about her baby. The nurse explains:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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