Utilize the GTPAL system to classify a woman who is currently 18 weeks pregnant.
This is her 4th pregnancy.
She gave birth to one baby vaginally at 26 weeks who died, experienced a miscarriage, and has one living child who was delivered at 38 weeks gestation.

The correct answer is choice C.

Choice A rationale:

Generalized vasospasm is not a symptom of abruptio placenta. It is more associated with conditions like preeclampsia.

Choice B rationale:

Abruptio placenta is usually associated with painful dark red vaginal bleeding, not painless bright red bleeding.

Choice C rationale:

“Knife-like” abdominal pain with vaginal bleeding is a classic symptom of abruptio placenta.

Choice D rationale:

Increased fetal movement is not a symptom of abruptio placenta. In fact, fetal movement may decrease due to distress.

The correct answer is choice B.

Choice A rationale:

Cabbage leaves have been used for many years for relief of breast engorgement. They can be crushed slightly until the juice is visible and then chilled in the refrigerator before applying to the breasts.

Choice B rationale:

Applying hot packs during feeding can actually increase blood flow and make engorgement worse. Cold packs should be used after feeding to help reduce swelling.

Choice C rationale:

Applying ice packs after feeding can help reduce swelling and provide relief from engorgement.

Choice D rationale:

Frequent breastfeeding can help to relieve engorgement. The breasts should be emptied completely at each feeding.