What are characteristics of a child born with trisomy 21?
High muscle tone and advanced motor skills
Tall stature and rapid weight gain
Distinct facial characteristics and delayed physical development
Normal cognitive development and speech abilities
The Correct Answer is C
A. High muscle tone and advanced motor skills – Children with Down syndrome (trisomy 21) typically have hypotonia (low muscle tone) and delayed motor development.
B. Tall stature and rapid weight gain – These children often have short stature and can have growth delays, not rapid weight gain.
C. Distinct facial characteristics and delayed physical development –Common features include upward slanting eyes, flat nasal bridge, epicanthal folds, and small stature, along with delays in physical and motor development.
D. Normal cognitive development and speech abilities – While the degree can vary, most children with trisomy 21 have some level of intellectual disability and speech delays.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Eczema (atopic dermatitis) is an inflammatory skin condition characterized by itching, redness, and dry patches. It does not involve the loss of melanocytes or result in depigmentation.
B. Vitiligo is an autoimmune condition in which melanocytes (pigment-producing cells) are destroyed, leading to well-defined patches of depigmented (white) skin.
C. Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition marked by rapid skin cell turnover, causing red, scaly, and sometimes silvery plaques—pigmentation changes are not typical.
D. Rosacea is a chronic facial skin condition involving redness, visible blood vessels, and sometimes acne-like bumps. It does not cause depigmentation or loss of melanocytes.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Respiratory distress – This is a possible complication, especially if the burn involves the airway or there is inhalation injury from smoke or toxic fumes.
B. Hypovolemic shock – This is a common early complication of severe burns due to massive fluid loss from damaged capillaries, leading to decreased circulating volume.
C. Heart failure – While heart failure may occur in patients with pre-existing cardiac conditions or from fluid overload during resuscitation, it is not a typical direct complication of a severe burn in an otherwise healthy individual.
D. Infection – Infection is a major and life-threatening complication of burns, especially after the initial stage, due to loss of the skin barrier and immune suppression.
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