What are common complications seen in a patient with Marfan syndrome?

Aortic dissection

Diabetes mellitus

Hypothyroidism

Osteoporosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Aortic dissection – Marfan syndrome is a genetic connective tissue disorder that weakens the walls of the aorta, increasing the risk for aortic aneurysm and dissection, which are life-threatening complications.
B. Diabetes mellitus – Marfan syndrome is not associated with an increased risk for diabetes.
C. Hypothyroidism – There is no direct link between Marfan syndrome and thyroid dysfunction.
D. Osteoporosis – Although individuals with Marfan syndrome may have skeletal abnormalities, osteoporosis is not a common complication of the condition.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Elevate the head of the bed. – While elevating the head of the bed can aid breathing, it is not the priority action in this situation.
B. Call the client's provider. – Notifying the provider is important, but the first action is to stop the offending agent causing the reaction.
C. Auscultate the client's breath sounds. – Assessing breath sounds is appropriate but should be done after stopping the infusion, as the priority is to remove the source of the reaction.
D. Stop the infusion. – The client is showing signs of a possible anaphylactic reaction (itching, dizziness, shortness of breath). The priority action is to stop the infusion immediately to prevent further exposure to the allergen and worsening of symptoms.

A. Eat foods that contain plenty of potassium. B. Take the medication at bedtime. C. Expect some swelling in the hands and feet. D. Take aspirin if headaches develop.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Eat foods that contain plenty of potassium. – Furosemide is a loop diuretic that promotes the excretion of potassium, which can lead to hypokalemia. Clients should be advised to consume potassium-rich foods (e.g., bananas, oranges, spinach) to help maintain normal electrolyte levels.
B. Take the medication at bedtime. – Furosemide causes increased urination. Taking it at bedtime may lead to nocturia and disturbed sleep. It is best taken in the morning.
C. Expect some swelling in the hands and feet. – Furosemide is used to reduce fluid overload and edema. Persistent swelling could indicate inadequate response or another issue and should be reported.
D. Take aspirin if headaches develop. – Aspirin can increase the risk of bleeding and gastric irritation, especially in clients who may be volume-depleted from diuretics. Headaches should be reported rather than self-treated.

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What are common complications seen in a patient with Marfan syndrome?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has pulmonary edema and is about to start taking furosemide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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