Your patient is experiencing an asthmatic attack. Their respiratory rate is 30, 02 sats are 90% on room air and they are anxious. Which acid-base imbalance are you expecting to see when the ABG's result?

Metabolic alkalosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Respiratory acidosis

Metabolic acidosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Metabolic alkalosis – This is typically caused by vomiting, diuretic use, or excessive bicarbonate intake, not respiratory conditions like asthma.
B. Respiratory alkalosis – During an early asthmatic attack, the patient often hyperventilates due to anxiety and difficulty breathing, leading to excessive loss of CO₂. This decreases carbonic acid levels, causing respiratory alkalosis.
C. Respiratory acidosis – Incorrect in early stages. This may develop later in a severe asthma attack when the patient tires and hypoventilation begins, leading to CO₂ retention.
D. Metabolic acidosis – This imbalance is typically caused by conditions such as diabetic ketoacidosis, renal failure, or diarrhea, not hyperventilation or asthma.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Instruct the client to report agitation. – Agitation is not a common adverse effect of gentamicin. Neurotoxicity is rare and typically presents with other symptoms such as numbness or tingling.
B. Administer the medicine with food. – Gentamicin is given parenterally (IV or IM), not orally, so food intake is not relevant.
C. Limit the client's fluid intake. – Adequate hydration is important when receiving nephrotoxic drugs like gentamicin to protect the kidneys, so fluid restriction is contraindicated.
D. Monitor the serum medication levels. – Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic with a narrow therapeutic index. Monitoring peak and trough levels helps prevent nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, two serious potential adverse effects.

A. The client has a nonslip bath mat in his shower. B. The client wears fitted slippers. C. The client takes alprazolam. D. The client uses a raised toilet seat.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The client has a nonslip bath mat in his shower. – This is a safety measure that helps prevent falls, not contribute to them.
B. The client wears fitted slippers. – Well-fitted slippers provide foot stability and traction, helping reduce the risk of falls.
C. The client takes alprazolam. – Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine, which can cause drowsiness, dizziness, and impaired coordination, especially in older adults. These side effects significantly increase fall risk.
D. The client uses a raised toilet seat. – A raised toilet seat is a fall-prevention aid, often recommended for clients with limited mobility.

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Your patient is experiencing an asthmatic attack. Their respiratory rate is 30, 02 sats are 90% on room air and they are anxious. Which acid-base imbalance are you expecting to see when the ABG's result?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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