What are the anticipated signs and symptoms for a client who has meningitis? (Select all that apply.)

Bradycardia

Fever and chills

Nuchal rigidity

Severe headache

Brudzinski's sign

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D,E

A.   Bradycardia is not a typical symptom of meningitis. Instead, meningitis is more likely to cause tachycardia (increased heart rate) as part of the body's response to fever and infection. Bradycardia would not be an expected sign in this context.

B.   Fever and chills are common symptoms of meningitis. The infection and inflammation associated with meningitis can cause an elevated body temperature as the body responds to the infection.
C.   Nuchal rigidity is a classic sign of meningitis. The inflammation of the meninges causes muscle stiffness and discomfort when trying to bend the neck forward, which is a common finding in this condition.
D.   Severe headache is a common symptom of meningitis. The inflammation and irritation of the meninges often result in intense and persistent headaches, which can be one of the primary complaints of patients with meningitis.
E.   Brudzinski's sign is a classic clinical sign of meningitis. It indicates meningeal irritation and is often assessed along with other signs to help diagnose meningitis.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","G","H"]

Explanation

A. Obtain a wound culture: While important, it is not the immediate priority compared to fluid resuscitation, antibiotic administration, and lactate level measurement.
B. Early administration of antibiotics is crucial in sepsis management to prevent further tissue damage and organ dysfunction.
C. Fluid resuscitation is essential to improve blood pressure and organ perfusion. Rapid administration of fluids is necessary to stabilize the patient.
D. Inserting a nasogastric (NG) tube might be necessary later if the patient develops gastrointestinal issues, but it's not an immediate priority.

E. While blood transfusion might be necessary if the patient becomes severely hypotensive, it's not the initial step. Fluid resuscitation is attempted first.
F. Urine culture can be helpful in identifying the source of infection but is not the immediate priority.
G. Lactate levels are a biomarker for tissue hypoxia and can help assess the severity of sepsis.
H. Blood cultures are essential to identify the causative organism for targeted antibiotic therapy.

A. Restrain the child's arms. B. Use a padded tongue blade. C. Position the child laterally. D. Attempt to stop the seizure.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Restraining the child's arms during a seizure is not recommended. Trying to hold or restrain a child’s movements can lead to injury for both the child and the caregiver. During a seizure, it is more important to ensure the child is in a safe environment and avoid any actions that might exacerbate the situation or cause harm.
B. Using a padded tongue blade is an outdated practice and is not recommended. This method was once thought to prevent the child from biting their tongue or injuring their mouth, but it can actually lead to broken teeth, injuries to the mouth, or cause airway obstruction. Instead, focusing on ensuring the child's safety and protecting their airway is more appropriate.
C. Positioning the child laterally (on their side) is an appropriate and recommended action during a seizure. This position helps keep the airway open and allows any fluids, such as saliva, to drain out of the mouth, which helps prevent aspiration and choking. This position is especially important if the child is at risk for vomiting or if the seizure lasts for a prolonged period.
D. Attempting to stop the seizure is not possible and is not recommended. Seizures typically resolve on their own, and trying to intervene actively can cause harm. Instead, focus on protecting the child from injury, monitoring the duration of the seizure, and providing support once the seizure is over.

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What are the anticipated signs and symptoms for a client who has meningitis? (Select all that apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a 73-year-old client in the emergency department (ED). Exhibits It has been identified that the client is in sepsis. Select the 4 actions that the nurse should complete in the first hour to manage sepsis and prevent further complications?

Correct Answer is ["B","C","G","H"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a child who is experiencing a seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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