A nurse who is mentoring a graduate nurse explains the correlation between severe blood loss and the effect on the client's mean arterial pressure (MAI The graduate nurse demonstrates correct understanding when he states which of the following:
It raises cardiac output and MAP.
It causes vasoconstriction and increased MAP.
There is no direct correlation to MAP.
Lower blood volume lowers MAP.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Severe blood loss actually decreases blood volume, which leads to decreased cardiac output and ultimately lower MAP.
B. While it's true that the body initially responds to blood loss by vasoconstricting to maintain blood pressure, this compensatory mechanism can only last for so long. As blood loss continues, MAP will decrease.
C. There is no direct correlation to MAP. MAP is directly influenced by cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance (SVR). Blood volume is a major determinant of both.
D. A decrease in blood volume leads to decreased preload, which reduces cardiac output. This, in turn, lowers MAP.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. This is crucial before administering digoxin. Digoxin slows down the heart rate, and if it's already too slow, administering the medication could be dangerous.
B. Monitoring blood pressure is important for patients on digoxin. However, it's not the priority before administration.
C. This is not necessary before administering digoxin.
D. Weight can influence digoxin dosage but it's not a prerequisite before each administration.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Spinal cord degeneration is a general term for the deterioration of the spinal cord and doesn't specifically describe the patient's posture.
B. Decorticate posturing is characterized by the arms flexed and adducted, with the wrists and fingers flexed. The legs are extended and adducted, with the feet plantar flexed.
C. Atypical hyperreflexia refers to exaggerated reflexes, not a specific posture.
D. Decerebrate posturing is characterized by the arms extended and pronated, with the wrists and fingers flexed. The legs are stiffly extended with plantar flexion.
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