What are the earliest recognizable clinical manifestations of cystic fibrosis (CF)?

Meconium ileus.

Foul-smelling, frothy, greasy stools.

History of poor intestinal absorption.

Recurrent pneumonia and lung infections.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

The correct answer is choice A. Meconium ileus.

Choice A rationale:

Meconium ileus. This is the earliest recognizable clinical manifestation of cystic fibrosis (CF). Meconium ileus refers to the blockage of the small intestine by thick, sticky meconium, the earliest stool of a newborn. It occurs in the first 24-48 hours of life and can be a sign of underlying cystic fibrosis.

Choice B rationale:

Foul-smelling, frothy, greasy stools. Foul-smelling, frothy, greasy stools are characteristic of malabsorption, which can occur in cystic fibrosis. However, this manifestation typically appears after meconium ileus and is not the earliest recognizable clinical sign.

Choice C rationale:

History of poor intestinal absorption. While poor intestinal absorption is a common consequence of cystic fibrosis, it is not one of the earliest recognizable clinical manifestations. Meconium ileus takes precedence as the primary early sign.

Choice D rationale:

Recurrent pneumonia and lung infections. Recurrent pneumonia and lung infections are common in later stages of cystic fibrosis due to the buildup of thick mucus in the respiratory tract. However, they are not among the earliest recognizable clinical manifestations of the disease. Meconium ileus is the earliest indicator in this context.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is choice C. The child needs opportunities to play with peers.

Choice A rationale:

While it's important for children with congenital heart disease to understand their limitations, it's not the primary concern in this scenario. Allowing the child to interact and play with peers is essential for their social, emotional, and psychological development.

Choice B rationale:

While parents play a crucial role in a child's care, completely isolating the child from peers is not ideal. Overprotectiveness can lead to social isolation and hinder the child's ability to develop important social skills.

Choice C rationale:

Children with congenital heart disease should be encouraged to engage in age-appropriate physical activities and play with peers. Of course, the level of activity should be discussed with the child's healthcare provider, but limiting the child's interactions could have negative consequences on their overall development and emotional well-being.

Choice D rationale:

While supervision is important for any child's safety, constant parental supervision to avoid overexertion might not be necessary or feasible. Educating the child about their limitations and providing opportunities for play while monitoring their comfort level is a more balanced approach.

A. Wearing cotton underpants. B. Limiting bathing as much as possible. C. Increasing fluids; decreasing salt intake. D. Cleansing the perineum with water after voiding.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is choice A. Wearing cotton underpants.

Choice A rationale:

Wearing cotton underpants is the recommended option to prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in young girls. Cotton underpants allow better air circulation, which helps to keep the perineal area dry. This reduces the growth of bacteria and prevents moisture buildup, which are crucial in preventing UTIs. Synthetic fabrics can trap moisture and create a conducive environment for bacterial growth, increasing the risk of UTIs.

Choice B rationale:

Limiting bathing as much as possible is not an appropriate recommendation for preventing UTIs. Hygiene is essential to prevent UTIs, and regular bathing is part of maintaining cleanliness. Overly limiting bathing can lead to poor hygiene practices and may not significantly prevent UTIs, as they are often caused by factors beyond bathing frequency.

Choice C rationale:

Increasing fluids and decreasing salt intake can be beneficial for overall health but may not directly prevent UTIs. While staying hydrated is important for maintaining urinary health, simply increasing fluids and reducing salt intake might not be sufficient to prevent UTIs. Hygiene practices and proper perineal care play a more significant role in preventing UTIs.

Choice D rationale:

Cleansing the perineum with water after voiding is a good hygiene practice, but it alone may not be enough to prevent UTIs. While maintaining cleanliness is crucial, using water to cleanse the perineum after voiding should be combined with other practices, such as wearing cotton underpants and proper wiping techniques, to effectively prevent UTIs.

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What are the earliest recognizable clinical manifestations of cystic fibrosis (CF)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Parents of a 3-year-old child diagnosed with congenital heart disease are afraid to let their child play with other children because of possible overexertion. The nurse's reply should be based on what knowledge?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

What should the nurse recommend to prevent urinary tract infections in young girls?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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The nurse understands that hypospadias refers to what urinary anomaly?

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