What are the pathophysiologic changes that place a client who has suffered a myocardial infarction at risk for cardiogenic shock?

Decreased cardiac output and increased MAP

Decreased cardiac output and decreased MAP

Increased cardiac output and increased afterload

Increased cardiac output and increased MAP

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Decreased cardiac output with increased mean arterial pressure (MAP) does not typically occur in cardiogenic shock. In shock states, MAP tends to decrease.
B. Decreased cardiac output and decreased MAP are the hallmark pathophysiologic changes in cardiogenic shock following a myocardial infarction. The damaged myocardium cannot pump effectively, leading to poor perfusion and hypotension.
C. Increased cardiac output and increased afterload are not features of cardiogenic shock; in fact, cardiac output is decreased.
D. Increased cardiac output and increased MAP suggest improved perfusion, not the compromised state seen in cardiogenic shock.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Scarring of the mitral valve is typically associated with rheumatic heart disease, not pericarditis.
B. Deformity of the valve leaflets is seen in valvular heart diseases, not pericarditis.
C. Inflammation of the endocardium refers to endocarditis, a different condition from pericarditis.
D. Pericardial effusion, the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac, is a common complication of pericarditis and can lead to cardiac tamponade if not managed.

A. Restrict the client's fluid intake. B. Perform neurovascular checks with vital signs. C. Instruct the client to perform range-of-motion exercises to his lower extremities. D. Ambulate the client 1 hr following the procedure.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Fluids are usually encouraged to help flush out contrast dye, so restricting fluid intake is not appropriate.
B. Performing neurovascular checks along with vital signs is essential to monitor for complications such as bleeding, hematoma, or impaired circulation after femoral artery access.
C. Range-of-motion exercises on the affected leg may increase the risk of bleeding or hematoma and are generally avoided initially.
D. Early ambulation (such as within 1 hour) is usually contraindicated; clients are typically kept on bed rest for several hours to prevent bleeding at the catheter site.

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What are the pathophysiologic changes that place a client who has suffered a myocardial infarction at risk for cardiogenic shock?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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