What are the priorites of our care and teaching ifor the patient with reflux? (Select All that Apply.)

Preventing further Urinary Tract Infections

Preventing kidney damage

The chances of needing brain surgery

Antibiotic usage teaching with the presence of an infection

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

A) Preventing further Urinary Tract Infections:

This is a relevant priority for patients with reflux. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a condition where urine flows backward from the bladder into the ureters and sometimes to the kidneys, increasing the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Preventing UTIs is important because recurring infections can lead to more severe kidney problems and complications. Teaching patients and caregivers about hygiene, proper voiding techniques, and recognizing UTI symptoms is crucial to minimize the risk of infections.

B) Preventing kidney damage:

Preventing kidney damage is a significant priority for patients with reflux. If urine refluxes back into the kidneys, it can lead to kidney damage over time. This damage can affect kidney function and potentially lead to chronic kidney disease. Monitoring kidney function, managing UTIs promptly, and considering medical or surgical interventions to correct reflux are all important strategies to prevent kidney damage.

C) The chances of needing brain surgery:

The chances of needing brain surgery are not directly related to reflux. Reflux primarily involves the urinary system, specifically the flow of urine from the bladder to the kidneys. Brain surgery is not a relevant consideration in the context of reflux or its management.

D) Antibiotic usage teaching with the presence of an infection:

This is an important aspect of care for patients with reflux who develop urinary tract infections. UTIs are common complications of reflux, and appropriate use of antibiotics is crucial to treat infections effectively and prevent further complications. Teaching patients and caregivers about the importance of completing prescribed antibiotic courses, recognizing signs of infection, and adhering to medical advice is essential to manage UTIs in the presence of reflux.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Apply cool sterile soaks to the child's head.

Explanation: Applying cool sterile soaks to the child's head would not directly address periorbital edema. Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder that results in proteinuria (loss of protein in urine), leading to fluid accumulation and edema. Cooling the head would not have a significant impact on reducing periorbital edema caused by nephrotic syndrome.

B. Apply warm compresses.

Explanation: Correct Choice. Applying warm compresses can help increase blood circulation and promote the reabsorption of excess fluid causing periorbital edema. Warmth can dilate blood vessels and improve the movement of fluids, potentially alleviating the edema.

C. Encourage the child to eat low protein foods.

Explanation: While dietary modifications might be part of managing nephrotic syndrome, specifically encouraging low protein foods may not directly address periorbital edema. The primary treatment for nephrotic syndrome involves medications to control proteinuria and manage fluid balance.

D. Elevate the head of the bed.

Explanation: Elevating the head of the bed is more commonly used to manage conditions like heart failure or obstructive sleep apnea. It might have some impact on overall fluid distribution, but it's not the most effective measure for reducing periorbital edema caused by nephrotic syndrome.

A. Low-protein, low-potassium diet B. Low-sodium fluid-restricted C. Low carbohydrate, low-protein diet D. Regular diet, no added salt

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Low-protein, low-potassium diet:

While low-protein and low-potassium diets can be appropriate for certain kidney conditions, such as chronic kidney disease, they are not typically the primary focus in the acute phase of glomerulonephritis. Protein restriction might be considered if there is significant kidney damage, and potassium levels are elevated.

B) Low-sodium fluid-restricted diet:

This is the most appropriate option. In acute glomerulonephritis, the kidneys' ability to regulate sodium and fluid balance may be impaired due to inflammation and decreased glomerular filtration. Fluid retention and peripheral edema are common. A low-sodium diet helps reduce fluid retention and manage edema.

C) Low carbohydrate, low-protein diet:

Low-carbohydrate and low-protein diets are not the main dietary considerations for acute glomerulonephritis. The primary focus is on managing sodium and fluid intake due to impaired kidney function.

D) Regular diet, no added salt:

A regular diet without added salt might exacerbate the fluid retention and edema associated with acute glomerulonephritis. Sodium intake needs to be controlled to prevent further fluid buildup.

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What are the priorites of our care and teaching ifor the patient with reflux? (Select All that Apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 4-year-old with nephrotic syndrome is experiencing severe periorbital edema. The best measure the nurse could institute to help reduce the periorbital edema is:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has acute glomerulonephritis with peripheral edema and is producing 35 mL of urine per hour. The nurse should place the client on which of the following diets?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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