What could be the primary reason for early decelerations in the fetal heart rate (FHR) pattern?
Spontaneous rupture of membranes.
Uteroplacental insufficiency.
Altered fetal cerebral blood flow.
Umbilical cord compression.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Early decelerations in the fetal heart rate (FHR) are caused by compression of the fetus’s head during a uterine contraction. This often happens during later stages of labor as the baby is descending through the birth canal. They may also occur during early labor if the baby is premature or in a breech position. This causes the uterus to squeeze the head during contractions.
Choice B rationale
Uteroplacental insufficiency is a condition where the placenta does not provide enough oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. This condition is typically associated with late decelerations in the FHR, not early decelerations.
Choice C rationale
Altered fetal cerebral blood flow is not typically associated with early decelerations in the FHR34.
Choice D rationale
Umbilical cord compression is typically associated with variable decelerations in the FHR, not early decelerations.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Betamethasone does not typically increase the fetal heart rate14.
Choice B rationale
Betamethasone is often given to pregnant women who are at risk of preterm birth to promote fetal lung maturity. It helps speed up the development of the baby’s lungs and other organs14.
Choice C rationale
Betamethasone is not used to stop preterm labor contractions14.
Choice D rationale
Betamethasone does not halt cervical dilation14.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Cervical dilation is a positive sign of labor. During labor, the cervix dilates to allow the baby to pass through the birth canal. This is a definitive sign that labor is occurring.
Choice B rationale
Amniotic fluid in the vaginal vault could indicate rupture of membranes, but it does not confirm labor. Labor may or may not be present when the membranes rupture.
Choice C rationale
Pain above the umbilicus is not a typical sign of labor. Labor pain is usually felt in the lower back and lower abdomen.
Choice D rationale
Brownish vaginal discharge could be a sign of “bloody show,” which can occur as labor approaches. However, it does not confirm that labor is occurring.
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