What does P < .05 mean?
The result is not significant for most nursing research, which requires more rigor.
There is a 1-in-5 chance of the result occurring again by chance alone.
The researcher is 95% confident that the result did not happen randomly.
Only 5 out of 100 nursing research studies would report this result as significant.
The Correct Answer is C
A. This statement is incorrect because a p-value less than .05 typically indicates statistical significance in nursing research.
B. This statement is incorrect because it misinterprets the meaning of p < .05. It does not mean that there is a 1-in-5 chance of the result occurring by chance alone.
C. A p-value less than .05 indicates that there is less than a 5% chance that the observed result occurred due to random chance. Therefore, the researcher can be 95% confident that the result did not happen randomly.
D. This statement is incorrect because it misinterprets the meaning of p < .05. It does not mean that only 5 out of 100 nursing research studies would report this result as significant.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Findings typically present the results of the study, not background information or existing literature.
B. Conclusions summarize the study's findings and their implications, not background information or existing literature.
C. Methodology describes the methods used to conduct the study, not background information or existing literature.
D. Review of the Literature is the section of the research report where background information, existing literature, and theoretical frameworks relevant to the study are discussed. This statement provides background information about organizational attributes associated with a professional nursing practice environment, which would be appropriately placed in the Review of the Literature section.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This statement is not accurate; it is overly simplified and does not accurately represent the statistical significance.
B. The correct interpretation is that the finding is significant at the 0.001 level, indicating a very low probability that the results occurred by chance alone.
C. The findings may be statistically significant, but this does not necessarily mean they are conclusive; additional research may be needed.
D. This statement does not accurately represent the level of significance indicated by the p-value.
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