What information should the nurse teach workers at a daycare center about RSV?

A. Crackles are heard in bases. – The nurse encourages the client to cough forcefully:
Crackles are caused by fluid in the alveoli and are often not cleared with coughing. Encouraging coughing may help with mucus, but for fluid-related crackles (e.g., in heart failure), diuretics or other interventions are more appropriate.

B. Wheezes are heard in central areas. – The nurse administers an inhaled bronchodilator:Wheezes result from narrowed airways, commonly seen in asthma or bronchospasm. Bronchodilators relax airway smooth muscle, improving airflow and reducing wheezing.

C. Vesicular sounds are heard over the periphery. – The nurse has the client breathe:
Vesicular breath sounds are normal over the peripheral lung fields. No action is needed when these sounds are heard, so prompting the client to breathe differently is unnecessary.

D. Hollow sounds are heard over the trachea. – The nurse increases the oxygen flow rate:Hollow, tubular sounds (bronchial) are expected over the trachea. These are normal findings and not an indication of hypoxia. Increasing oxygen unnecessarily could be harmful.

A. Barrel chest and polycythemia: These findings are more characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, especially emphysema. They reflect long-term adaptations to hypoxia and air trapping, not the acute onset seen in pneumothorax.

B. Bronchovesicular lung sounds and bradypnea: Bronchovesicular sounds are normal in some lung areas, and bradypnea is not a common feature of pneumothorax. Pneumothorax often presents with decreased or absent breath sounds on the affected side and increased respiratory rate due to hypoxia.

C. Unequal lung expansion and dyspnea: Unequal chest expansion occurs because the collapsed lung on the affected side does not inflate properly. Dyspnea results from impaired gas exchange, making this the most accurate sign combination of pneumothorax.

D. Frothy bloody sputum and consolidation: These findings suggest pulmonary edema or pneumonia rather than pneumothorax. Frothy sputum is often seen in left-sided heart failure, and lung consolidation is not a feature of air in the pleural space.