What is the earliest clinical manifestation of biliary atresia?
Vomiting.
Hepatomegaly.
Absence of stooling.
Jaundice.
The Correct Answer is D
The correct answer is Choice D: Jaundice.
Choice A rationale:
Vomiting can occur in biliary atresia due to the blockage of bile flow, but it is not the earliest clinical manifestation. Jaundice tends to precede vomiting and is a more characteristic early sign of biliary atresia.
Choice B rationale:
Hepatomegaly (enlargement of the liver) is a common finding in biliary atresia, but it usually occurs after the onset of jaundice. Jaundice is an earlier and more specific manifestation of this condition.
Choice C rationale:
Absence of stooling is a sign that might occur in biliary atresia due to the obstructed bile flow, but it is not typically the earliest clinical manifestation. Jaundice is generally the first noticeable sign.
Choice D rationale:
Jaundice is the earliest clinical manifestation of biliary atresia. It is caused by the buildup of bilirubin in the blood due to impaired bile flow from the liver. The jaundice in biliary atresia is typically progressive and can be one of the key indicators for further evaluation and diagnosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Calcium carbonate is often given with meals to individuals with chronic renal disease, especially those on dialysis. One of the primary purposes is to bind dietary phosphorus in the gastrointestinal tract. In chronic renal disease, the kidneys are less effective at filtering out excess phosphorus from the blood, leading to elevated phosphorus levels (hyperphosphatemia). Elevated phosphorus levels can contribute to bone and mineral disorders in these patients. Calcium carbonate forms insoluble calcium phosphate complexes with dietary phosphorus, preventing its absorption and facilitating its elimination from the body through the feces.
Choice B rationale:
While calcium carbonate can interact with fat-soluble vitamins like vitamin D, the primary reason for administering it to individuals with chronic renal disease is to manage phosphorus levels. Calcium carbonate can bind phosphorus and prevent its absorption, which is particularly important for patients with compromised kidney function.
Choice C rationale:
Stimulating appetite is not a primary purpose of administering calcium carbonate to children with chronic renal disease. The main focus is on managing phosphorus levels and preventing complications associated with hyperphosphatemia.
Choice D rationale:
Preventing vomiting is not a primary purpose of giving calcium carbonate to children with chronic renal disease. Calcium carbonate is typically used to manage phosphorus levels and complications related to hyperphosphatemia in this population.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is choice D: Sex can be presented as a normal part of growth and development.
Choice A rationale:
Children in 5th grade are generally around 10 to 11 years old, which means they are approaching puberty and experiencing physical changes. While it might be tempting to think that they are too young for sex education, it's important to acknowledge that they are at an age where their bodies are undergoing significant transformations. Providing them with age-appropriate sex education can empower them to understand these changes and navigate them safely.
Choice B rationale:
Correct terminology should not be reserved solely for older children. Using accurate and age-appropriate terminology when discussing topics related to sex and development is crucial. Children in 5th grade are capable of understanding basic anatomical terms and concepts, which can help them better comprehend their own bodies and the changes they are experiencing.
Choice C rationale:
Encouraging children to ask questions is an essential part of sex education. s reflect curiosity and a desire to learn. Discouraging questions can lead to misinformation and misunderstandings. Open dialogue about sex and development can help dispel myths and promote healthy attitudes toward these topics.
Choice D rationale:
Presenting sex as a normal part of growth and development is the foundation of comprehensive and age-appropriate sex education. Children in 5th grade are entering a stage of life where they might start experiencing sexual curiosity and have questions about their bodies. Addressing these questions in a respectful and factual manner can help them develop a healthy understanding of their own sexuality and promote safe behaviors.
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