What is the main hemodynamic parameter that measures preload?
Systolic Blood Pressure.
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure.
Central Venous Pressure (CVP).
Systemic Vascular Resistance.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Systolic Blood Pressure is not a direct measure of preload; it indicates the pressure in the arteries during the contraction of the heart muscles.
Choice B reason: Mean Arterial Blood Pressure is an average blood pressure in an individual during a single cardiac cycle, but it does not specifically measure preload.
Choice C reason: Central Venous Pressure (CVP) is a direct measure of the blood volume returning to the heart and the ability of the heart to pump the blood into the arterial system, making it a key indicator of preload.
Choice D reason: Systemic Vascular Resistance refers to the resistance to blood flow offered by all of the systemic vasculature, excluding the pulmonary vasculature, and is not a measure of preload.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: An INR of 0.9 is within the normal range (0.8-1.2) and does not support the presence of bruising or bleeding disorders.
Choice B reason: A hematocrit level of 28% is below the normal range (36%-50% for women, 40%-54% for men), indicating anemia, but it does not directly explain bruising or petechiae.
Choice C reason: A WBC count of 4500 is within the normal range (4500-11000), suggesting that there is no active infection or leukocytosis that would explain the bruising.
Choice D reason: A platelet count of 60000 is below the normal range (150000-450000), which can lead to easy bruising and petechiae, supporting the nurse's observation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Stopping the transfusion immediately is the first and most critical action in response to signs of a possible transfusion reaction, which can be life-threatening.
Choice B reason: While informing the provider is a necessary step, it should come after stopping the transfusion to prevent further harm to the patient.
Choice C reason: Calling the lab is an appropriate action but not the first priority. The immediate concern is the patient's safety.
Choice D reason: Obtaining a urine specimen may be part of the diagnostic process for a transfusion reaction, but it is not the first action to take.
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