What is the most appropriate advice for a patient suffering from arterial insufficiency?

Stand frequently to maintain leg blood flow.

Walk without shoes.

Vigorously massage the legs.

Allow the legs to dangle dependently often.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
Standing frequently can help promote blood flow in the legs, which can be beneficial for a patient with arterial insufficiency. This is because standing engages the muscles in the legs, which helps push blood back up towards the heart.
Choice B rationale
Walking without shoes is not typically recommended for patients with arterial insufficiency. This is because these patients often have reduced sensation in their feet and may not notice if they step on something sharp or if a wound develops.
Choice C rationale
Vigorous massage of the legs is not usually recommended for patients with arterial insufficiency. While gentle massage can help promote blood flow, vigorous massage could potentially damage the arteries further.
Choice D rationale
Allowing the legs to dangle dependently often is not typically recommended for patients with arterial insufficiency. This position can actually increase swelling and discomfort in the legs.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Secondary hypertension is high blood pressure that is caused by another medical condition or medication. It is not the most common type of hypertension.
Choice B rationale
Congenital hypertension is not a recognized type of hypertension. Hypertension can be associated with some congenital conditions, but it is not a type of hypertension itself.
Choice C rationale
Acquired hypertension is not a recognized type of hypertension. While lifestyle factors can contribute to the development of hypertension, the term “acquired hypertension” is not typically used.
Choice D rationale
Primary hypertension, also known as essential hypertension, is the most common type of hypertension. It is high blood pressure that does not have a known secondary cause.

A. Calcium channel blocker B. Phosphodiesterase 5 enzyme inhibitor C. Anticoagulant D. Loop diuretics

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Calcium channel blockers are primarily used to treat hypertension, angina, and certain heart arrhythmias. They work by relaxing the muscles of your heart and blood vessels. While they can affect heart rate and blood pressure, they would not typically have immediate implications for a patient presenting with intermittent chest pain.
Choice B rationale
Phosphodiesterase 5 enzyme inhibitors, such as sildenafil (Viagra), are used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension. These medications can interact with nitroglycerin, a common medication used to treat chest pain, to cause a severe and life-threatening drop in blood pressure. Therefore, it’s crucial to know if a patient is taking this type of medication when they present with chest pain.
Choice C rationale
Anticoagulants are used to prevent blood clots. If a patient is taking an anticoagulant, it could affect their clotting times and could be important if the patient needs surgery or if the cause of their chest pain is a clot. However, this would not typically have immediate implications for the treatment of chest pain.
Choice D rationale
Loop diuretics are strong diuretics that are used to treat edema and hypertension. They work by preventing your body from absorbing too much salt, allowing the salt to instead be passed in your urine. While important to know for overall patient care, they would not typically have immediate implications for a patient presenting with chest pain.

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What is the most appropriate advice for a patient suffering from arterial insufficiency?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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