What is the primary pathophysiological reason for performing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery?

To reduce overall contractility of the heart muscle.

To reduce plaque buildup in the carotid artery.

To increase oxygen supply to the heart muscle.

To increase the myocardial workload.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
Reducing the overall contractility of the heart muscle is not the primary reason for performing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery (CABG)4. In fact, reducing the contractility of the heart muscle could potentially decrease the heart’s ability to pump blood effectively.
Choice B rationale
Reducing plaque buildup in the carotid artery is not the primary reason for performing CABG4. While plaque buildup in the carotid artery can lead to serious conditions such as stroke, CABG is specifically performed to bypass blocked coronary arteries, not carotid arteries.
Choice C rationale
Increasing the oxygen supply to the heart muscle is the primary reason for performing CABG4. When coronary arteries become blocked or narrowed due to plaque buildup, the heart muscle may not receive enough oxygen-rich blood. CABG is performed to create a new route, or bypass, around the blocked artery, which improves blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart muscle.
Choice D rationale
Increasing the myocardial workload is not the primary reason for performing CABG4. In fact, increasing the workload of the heart could potentially exacerbate heart disease and lead to complications such as heart failure.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Weight loss is often recommended as a first-line therapeutic approach to lowering blood pressure in patients diagnosed with essential hypertension. Excess weight can increase the strain on the heart and blood vessels, leading to higher blood pressure.
Choice B rationale
Regular physical activity is another important part of managing hypertension. Exercise can help lower blood pressure by improving heart health and reducing weight.
Choice C rationale
Beta-blockers, such as propranolol, are a type of medication used to treat hypertension. However, they are not typically the first choice for initial therapy unless the patient has a specific indication for this class of medication, such as heart failure or angina.
Choice D rationale
Decreasing sodium intake is another lifestyle change that can help lower blood pressure. Consuming too much sodium can cause the body to retain fluid, which can increase blood pressure.
Choice E rationale
Smoking cessation is also recommended for patients with hypertension. While smoking does not directly cause high blood pressure, it can damage blood vessels and increase the risk of heart disease.

A. Calcium channel blocker B. Phosphodiesterase 5 enzyme inhibitor C. Anticoagulant D. Loop diuretics

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Calcium channel blockers are primarily used to treat hypertension, angina, and certain heart arrhythmias. They work by relaxing the muscles of your heart and blood vessels. While they can affect heart rate and blood pressure, they would not typically have immediate implications for a patient presenting with intermittent chest pain.
Choice B rationale
Phosphodiesterase 5 enzyme inhibitors, such as sildenafil (Viagra), are used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension. These medications can interact with nitroglycerin, a common medication used to treat chest pain, to cause a severe and life-threatening drop in blood pressure. Therefore, it’s crucial to know if a patient is taking this type of medication when they present with chest pain.
Choice C rationale
Anticoagulants are used to prevent blood clots. If a patient is taking an anticoagulant, it could affect their clotting times and could be important if the patient needs surgery or if the cause of their chest pain is a clot. However, this would not typically have immediate implications for the treatment of chest pain.
Choice D rationale
Loop diuretics are strong diuretics that are used to treat edema and hypertension. They work by preventing your body from absorbing too much salt, allowing the salt to instead be passed in your urine. While important to know for overall patient care, they would not typically have immediate implications for a patient presenting with chest pain.

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What is the primary pathophysiological reason for performing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What is included in the first-line therapeutic approach to lowering blood pressure in a patient diagnosed with essential hypertension? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

A patient is being admitted to the emergency department with intermittent chest pain. They provide a list of daily medications. Which medication from the list has the most immediate implications for the patient’s care?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A newborn frequently experiences cyanosis, typically during crying or after feeding. Which cardiac diagnosis is supported by this history?

As a nurse in a community-based setting, you are educating clients on strategies to prevent cardiovascular disease. Which interventions should you include? (Select all that apply)

A nurse is preparing a client for a scheduled Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). Which statement made by the client should the nurse report to the Primary Healthcare Provider (PHCP)?

The standard policy on the cardiac unit states, “Notify the health care provider for mean arterial pressure (MAP) less than 70 mm Hg.”. Which patient should the nurse call the health care provider about?

As a nurse preparing for the admission of a child diagnosed with acute-stage Kawasaki disease, what clinical manifestation of the acute stage of the disease should be anticipated during the assessment?

If a patient diagnosed with hypertension is prescribed Propranolol (Inderal), what patient history should prompt the nurse to consult with the healthcare provider before administering this drug?

A patient with dilated cardiomyopathy has recently developed atrial fibrillation that has been unresponsive to drug therapy for several days. What topic should the nurse plan to include in patient teaching?

A newborn child has been diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot. What symptoms would the nurse expect to observe in this child?