What is the primary pathophysiological reason for performing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery?

To reduce overall contractility of the heart muscle.

To reduce plaque buildup in the carotid artery.

To increase oxygen supply to the heart muscle.

To increase the myocardial workload.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
Reducing the overall contractility of the heart muscle is not the primary reason for performing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery (CABG)4. In fact, reducing the contractility of the heart muscle could potentially decrease the heart’s ability to pump blood effectively.
Choice B rationale
Reducing plaque buildup in the carotid artery is not the primary reason for performing CABG4. While plaque buildup in the carotid artery can lead to serious conditions such as stroke, CABG is specifically performed to bypass blocked coronary arteries, not carotid arteries.
Choice C rationale
Increasing the oxygen supply to the heart muscle is the primary reason for performing CABG4. When coronary arteries become blocked or narrowed due to plaque buildup, the heart muscle may not receive enough oxygen-rich blood. CABG is performed to create a new route, or bypass, around the blocked artery, which improves blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart muscle.
Choice D rationale
Increasing the myocardial workload is not the primary reason for performing CABG4. In fact, increasing the workload of the heart could potentially exacerbate heart disease and lead to complications such as heart failure.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Diltiazem does not increase the contractile force of the heart. In fact, it is classified as a negative inotrope, meaning it decreases the force of heart contractions.
Choice B rationale
While diltiazem can affect heart rhythm, it does not specifically reduce heart palpitations. Its primary effect is to slow the heart rate and relax the blood vessels.
Choice C rationale
Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker used to manage cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension, chronic stable angina, atrial fibrillation, and Prinzmetal’s angina. It works by inhibiting the calcium influx into cardiac and vascular smooth muscle during depolarization. This results in vasodilation, or the widening of blood vessels, which can help decrease coronary artery spasms, a characteristic feature of Prinzmetal’s angina.
Choice D rationale
Diltiazem does not prevent the formation of plaque in the coronary arteries. It primarily acts to relax the blood vessels and slow the heart rate.

A. Serum potassium level is 3.0 mEq/L. B. The current blood pressure reading is 168/94 mm Hg. C. Blood glucose level is at 175 mg/dL. D. There’s an orthostatic systolic BP decrease of 12 mm Hg.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Furosemide (Lasix) is a diuretic medication used to treat hypertension and edema. One of the side effects of furosemide is hypokalemia, or low potassium levels. A serum potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L is lower than the normal range (3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L), which can lead to serious complications such as cardiac arrhythmias.

Therefore, this observation is crucial to communicate to the healthcare provider.

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What is the primary pathophysiological reason for performing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Diltiazem (Cardizem) has been prescribed for a patient newly diagnosed with Prinzmetal’s (variant) angina. What accurate action of diltiazem should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

In the context of a patient undergoing IV furosemide (Lasix) treatment for hypertension, which observation is most crucial to communicate to the healthcare provider?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client is admitted to the telemetry unit with an episode of substernal chest pain. His diagnostic studies reveal an elevated ST segment on the electrocardiogram (ECG) and an elevated cardiac troponin level. What would be an appropriate initial nursing goal?

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During a stress test on a treadmill, which observation by the nurse would necessitate immediate action?

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In the context of a patient who has undergone coronary artery bypass grafting using a right radial artery graft, which observation is most crucial for the nurse to report to the healthcare provider?

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