What is the most common cause of early decelerations in fetal heart rate?

Fetal head compression

Uteroplacental insufficiency

Cord compression

Maternal hypertension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Fetal head compression. Early decelerations are typically caused by fetal head compression during contractions. This is usually a benign finding and indicates that labor is progressing.

B. Uteroplacental insufficiency. Uteroplacental insufficiency causes late decelerations, not early decelerations. Late decelerations are more concerning and indicate fetal distress.

C. Cord compression. Cord compression causes variable decelerations, not early decelerations. Variable decelerations can occur at any time during a contraction.

D. Maternal hypertension. Maternal hypertension is not a direct cause of early decelerations. It may contribute to uteroplacental insufficiency, which causes late decelerations.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Not satisfied with the nonpharmacological comfort measures. This describes dissatisfaction with pain management but does not specifically indicate a change in labor phase.

B. Active phase of labor. Nausea, irritability, and feelings of helplessness are classic signs of transitioning from the latent phase to the active phase of labor, when contractions become stronger and more intense.

C. Going to require more pain medication: Although the patient may need additional pain relief, the question is asking about labor progression, not pain management.

D. Going to have a long labor. Irritability and nausea are signs of labor progression, not necessarily an indicator of a long labor.

A. Flumazenil B. Calcium gluconate C. Naloxone D. Protamine sulfate

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Flumazenil: Flumazenil is an antidote for benzodiazepine overdose, not for magnesium toxicity.

B. Calcium gluconate. Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity and should be administered when signs of toxicity, such as respiratory depression, occur.

C. Naloxone: Naloxone is an antidote for opioid overdose, not magnesium toxicity.

D. Protamine sulfate: Protamine sulfate is the antidote for heparin overdose, not magnesium toxicity.

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What is the most common cause of early decelerations in fetal heart rate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient in the latent phase of labor begins to experience nausea, feelings of helplessness and has become very irritable. The nurse suspects that the patient is now in the

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assisting with monitoring a client who is admitted for preterm labor and is receiving magnesium sulfate. The client's respiratory rate is 8/min. Which of the following should the nurse administer?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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