What is the role of the mast cells that are found in the subcutaneous tissue?
Destroy pathogens that enter a break in the skin,
Produce histamine and leukotrienes that initiate inflammation,
Cushion bony prominences
Connect skin to muscles
The Correct Answer is B
a. Destroy pathogens that enter a break in the skin: While mast cells can contribute to the defense against pathogens by releasing inflammatory mediators, their primary function is not the direct destruction of pathogens.
b. Produce histamine and leukotrienes that initiate inflammation: This is correct. Mast cells are known for their role in releasing histamine and leukotrienes, which are key mediators of the inflammatory response.
c. Cushion bony prominences: This is not a function of mast cells. Cushioning bony prominences is a role more related to adipose tissue.
d. Connect skin to muscles: This is the function of connective tissue, not mast cells.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a. Cartilage: Cartilage is a type of connective tissue found at the ends of bones in joints. It provides a smooth, elastic surface that cushions the bones and reduces friction during movement.
b. Tendon: Tendons are tough, fibrous bands that connect muscles to bones. They do not reduce friction at joints.
c. Fibrillin: Fibrillin is a protein component of connective tissue, but it's not a specific structure like cartilage and doesn't directly reduce friction in joints.
d. Osteocytes: Osteocytes are mature bone cells. They are not located at joints and don't play a role in friction reduction.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a. Presence of calcium: Calcium does not directly stimulate the production of Vitamin D in the skin.
b. Exposure to ultraviolet light: UVB rays from sunlight stimulate the skin to produce Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol).
c. Exposure to cold temperature: Cold temperature does not affect Vitamin D production.
d. Presence of parathyroid hormone: Parathyroid hormone helps regulate calcium levels and can stimulate the conversion of Vitamin D to its active form in the kidneys, but it does not stimulate its production in the skin.
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