Which of the following structures separates the right and left pleurae?
Intercostal muscles
Pleural cavity
Mediastinum
Diaphragm
The Correct Answer is C
a. Intercostal muscles: Intercostal muscles are located between the ribs and help with breathing movements. They don't separate the pleurae.
b. Pleural cavity: The pleural cavity is the space between the pleura and the lung on each side. There isn't another pleural cavity within this space.
c. Mediastinum: The pleura are two thin membranes that line the lungs and inner chest wall. The mediastinum is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity, containing essential structures like the heart, trachea, esophagus, and major blood vessels. It separates the right and left pleural cavities.
d. Diaphragm: The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle separating the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. While it plays a role in respiration, it doesn't directly separate the pleurae
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a. Secretes fluid to reduce friction between layers: This is correct. The pleural membranes secrete pleural fluid, which reduces friction between the visceral and parietal layers during breathing.
b. Secretes a substance that reduces surface tension of alveoli: This describes the function of surfactant, which is secreted by alveolar cells, not pleural membranes.
c. Secretes a substance to keep epithelial cells wet: This is a general description that doesn't specifically apply to pleural membranes.
d. Secretes fluid involved in protection from infections: While pleural fluid may have some protective roles, its primary function is to reduce friction, not directly to protect from infections.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
a. Decrease in sodium reabsorption: This would lead to further lowering of blood pressure, which is not a compensatory response.
b. Dilation of the afferent arteriole: This typically increases glomerular filtration rate but is not a primary response to decreased blood pressure.
c. Constriction of the efferent arteriole: This response helps to increase glomerular pressure but is secondary to other mechanisms.
d. Release of renin: Renin is released by the kidneys in response to low blood pressure, initiating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) to increase blood pressure by conserving sodium and water and constricting blood vessels.
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