What is true regarding FAS and NAS?

Choice A reason:

Holding the newborn vertically, allowing one foot to touch the crib surface, will elicit the stepping reflex, not the Moro reflex. The stepping reflex is when the newborn makes stepping movements when held upright with one foot touching a flat surface.

Choice B reason:

Turning the newborn's head quickly to one side will elicit the tonic neck reflex, not the Moro reflex. The tonic neck reflex is when the newborn assumes a "fencing”. position, with the arm and leg extended on the side to which the head is turned and the opposite arm and leg flexed.

Choice C reason:

Performing a sharp hand clap near the infant will elicit the Moro reflex, also known as the startle reflex. The Moro reflex is when the newborn responds to a sudden loss of support or a loud noise by extending and abducting the arms, spreading the fingers, and then bringing the arms together and crying.

Choice D reason:

Placing a finger at the base of the newborn's toes will elicit the Babinski reflex, not the Moro reflex. The Babinski reflex is when the newborn fans out the toes and dorsiflexes the big toe when the sole of the foot is stroked.

Choice A reason:

This is incorrect because TTN usually resolves within 24 to 72 hours of birth and does not require a long stay in the NICU.

Choice B reason:

This is correct because TTN is more common in babies born by cesarean section without labor, as they do not have the hormonal changes that help clear the fetal lung fluid.

Choice C reason:

This is incorrect because breastfeeding is not contraindicated in babies with TTN, unless they have severe respiratory distress or need continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) support.

Choice D reason:

This is incorrect because TTN does not cause chronic lung disease or require oxygen therapy at home. Most babies with TTN only need supplemental oxygen for a few days until their breathing improves.