What occurs during the proliferation phase of healing?
Granulation tissue grows into the wound bed.
Collagen fibers promote the formation of a scar.
Platelets arrive at the site and form a blood clot.
Cells and debris are removed by macrophages.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. The proliferation phase, also called the repair phase, occurs after the inflammatory phase and is characterized by new tissue formation. Fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells migrate into the wound bed, producing granulation tissue, which is pink or red, moist, and rich in new capillaries. Granulation tissue fills the wound and serves as the foundation for tissue regeneration and eventual closure.
B. Collagen deposition and scar formation are primary features of the maturation or remodeling phase, which occurs after proliferation. While collagen production begins during proliferation, the organized scar tissue forms later as the wound strengthens and matures.
C. Platelet aggregation and clot formation occur during the hemostasis phase, which is the very first step in wound healing. This phase occurs immediately after injury, before the inflammatory and proliferative phases.
D. Debridement by macrophages is part of the inflammatory phase, which precedes proliferation. Macrophages phagocytose pathogens, dead cells, and debris, preparing the wound bed for granulation tissue formation.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Primary intention healing occurs when wound edges are clean, closely approximated, and can be held together with sutures, staples, or adhesive. This type of healing is typical for surgical incisions or clean lacerations. Healing is usually fast, with minimal scarring, because tissue loss is minimal and infection risk is low.
B. Quarternary intention is not a recognized classification in wound healing. This option is incorrect.
C. Tertiary intention, also called delayed primary closure, occurs when a wound is initially left open to allow for drainage or infection control and is later closed surgically. This method is used for contaminated or infected wounds, not clean wounds that can be approximated immediately.
D. Secondary intention occurs when wounds cannot be approximated, often due to significant tissue loss, infection, or pressure ulcers. Healing occurs from the base upward, filling in with granulation tissue over time. This process is slower, results in larger scars, and carries a higher risk of infection compared to primary intention.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Individuals with Down syndrome typically have short, broad hands rather than large or narrow ones. A distinctive feature is the single transverse palmar crease (Simian crease), which is present in many but not all cases. Fingers are often short and stubby, and the fifth finger may show clinodactyly (curvature). Thus, large narrow hands are not characteristic of Down syndrome.
B. Yellowed sclera indicates jaundice, which is caused by elevated bilirubin levels due to liver dysfunction or hemolysis. This is not a feature of Down syndrome and is unrelated to the genetic condition.
C. A protruding or slightly enlarged tongue (macroglossia) is a hallmark feature of Down syndrome. This occurs due to low muscle tone (hypotonia) in the oral and facial muscles. Hypotonia also contributes to delayed motor development, poor sucking, and feeding difficulties in infancy, as well as speech delays later in life. The tongue may appear to protrude even when the mouth is closed.
D. Down syndrome is generally associated with delayed sexual development and puberty, particularly in females. Fertility can be reduced, especially in males, although some may be capable of reproduction. Early sexual maturation is not characteristic of this condition.
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