What risk is increased with children who have been diagnosed with infantile eczema?

Choice A rationale

Abrasive pumice stones should be avoided in peripheral vascular disease. The reduced blood flow and neuropathy in this condition make the skin more fragile and susceptible to injury. Abrasions or small cuts from a pumice stone can lead to non-healing ulcers and serious infections due to poor circulation.

Choice B rationale

Wearing cheap flip-flops is not a good practice. They offer inadequate support and protection. Clients with peripheral vascular disease often have reduced sensation (neuropathy), making them unaware of foot injuries from ill-fitting or unprotected footwear. Properly fitting, supportive shoes are essential for foot protection.

Choice C rationale

Keeping feet dry, especially between the toes, prevents maceration and fungal infections like athlete's foot. In peripheral vascular disease, even minor skin breaks can become entry points for pathogens, leading to severe infections and ulcers that are difficult to heal due to compromised circulation.

Choice D rationale

Applying lotion is beneficial for dry skin but it should not be applied between the toes. Applying lotion between the toes can create a moist environment that promotes fungal growth. Fungal infections can lead to skin breakdown, which is a significant risk for ulceration and infection in clients with poor circulation.

Choice E rationale

Washing feet in room-temperature water is critical for client safety. Clients with peripheral vascular disease often have sensory deficits (neuropathy) and may not be able to accurately perceive temperature. Using hot water could easily cause burns, which in a client with poor circulation can lead to severe, non-healing wounds.

Choice F rationale

Daily inspection of the feet is a cornerstone of self-care for peripheral vascular disease. Clients should be taught to look for any cuts, sores, blisters, or redness. Early detection of these issues allows for prompt intervention before they can progress into serious, difficult-to-treat infections or ulcers.

Choice A rationale

Ambulating with assistance is not an immediate indicator of a positive outcome for a client with a DVT. Ambulation is often contraindicated in the initial stages of treatment to prevent a pulmonary embolism. Therefore, this assessment does not reflect a primary outcome of DVT management, which focuses on preventing complications and resolving the clot.

Choice B rationale

An oxygen saturation of 98% is a critical indicator that the client has not developed a pulmonary embolism, a serious and life-threatening complication of DVT. This outcome demonstrates that the thrombus has not dislodged and traveled to the lungs, obstructing gas exchange. Normal oxygen saturation levels range from 95% to 100%.

Choice C rationale

While pain reduction is an important aspect of care, a pain score of 2/10 after medication is a temporary relief measure and does not represent a definitive outcome for DVT. The primary goal is to prevent a pulmonary embolism and resolve the thrombus, and pain control is a supportive measure in achieving that goal.

Choice D rationale

Verbalizing risk factors indicates that the client has received education, which is an important intervention. However, it is an educational outcome, not a physiological one. It does not provide direct evidence that the DVT is resolving or that the client is free from the most serious complication of the disease, a pulmonary embolism.