What triggered hospital downsizing in the United States in the 1980s?
Technology
Hill-Burton Act (1946)
Covid 19
Prospective Payment System (PPS)
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Technology: While technological advancements may have influenced healthcare delivery, they did not directly trigger hospital downsizing in the 1980s.
B. Hill-Burton Act (1946): The Hill-Burton Act provided federal funding for hospital construction and modernization, which typically led to expansion rather than downsizing of hospitals.
C. Covid-19: Covid-19 emerged long after the 1980s and is not related to the hospital downsizing trends of that decade.
D. Prospective Payment System (PPS): The implementation of the Prospective Payment System (PPS) in the 1980s, particularly for Medicare reimbursements, shifted hospital reimbursement from fee-for-service to a predetermined payment based on diagnosis-related groups (DRGs).
This change incentivized hospitals to become more efficient and led to downsizing, closure of underutilized facilities, and consolidation of services.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Health insurance: While health insurance has influenced healthcare delivery and financing, it is not credited with the significant expansion of hospital beds as compared to other options.
B. Hill-Burton Act: The Hill-Burton Act, passed in 1946, provided federal grants and loans for hospital construction and modernization, leading to a substantial increase in the number of hospital beds in the United States.
C. Technological advances: Technological advances have certainly influenced healthcare
delivery and the types of services provided in hospitals, but they may not have directly led to the expansion of hospital beds to the same extent as the Hill-Burton Act.
D. Medicare and Medicaid: While Medicare and Medicaid have had significant impacts on
healthcare financing and access, they may not have directly influenced the expansion of hospital beds as much as the Hill-Burton Act.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. The United Kingdom: The United Kingdom has a publicly funded healthcare system
(National Health Service), which typically has lower healthcare costs compared to the United States.
B. The United States: The United States consistently has the highest healthcare costs per capita among developed countries due to factors such as high administrative costs, pharmaceutical prices, and utilization rates.
C. Canada: Canada has a publicly funded healthcare system (Medicare), which generally has lower healthcare costs compared to the United States.
D. Jamaica: Jamaica's healthcare system is characterized by resource constraints, and healthcare costs are typically lower compared to those in the United States.
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