What triggered hospital downsizing in the United States in the 1980s?
Technology
Hill-Burton Act (1946)
Covid 19
Prospective Payment System (PPS)
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Technology: While technological advancements may have influenced healthcare delivery, they did not directly trigger hospital downsizing in the 1980s.
B. Hill-Burton Act (1946): The Hill-Burton Act provided federal funding for hospital construction and modernization, which typically led to expansion rather than downsizing of hospitals.
C. Covid-19: Covid-19 emerged long after the 1980s and is not related to the hospital downsizing trends of that decade.
D. Prospective Payment System (PPS): The implementation of the Prospective Payment System (PPS) in the 1980s, particularly for Medicare reimbursements, shifted hospital reimbursement from fee-for-service to a predetermined payment based on diagnosis-related groups (DRGs).
This change incentivized hospitals to become more efficient and led to downsizing, closure of underutilized facilities, and consolidation of services.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Health insurance companies: While health insurance companies may play a role in administering Medicare plans, they do not directly pay for the benefits of Medicare. Medicare is primarily funded through taxpayer contributions.
B. Only doctors and nurses: Healthcare providers, including doctors and nurses, do not directly pay for the benefits of Medicare. They may receive reimbursements for services rendered to Medicare beneficiaries, but they are not the ones funding the program.
C. Hospital employees: Hospital employees do not directly pay for the benefits of Medicare.
Like other taxpayers, they may contribute to Medicare funding through taxes deducted from their salaries.
D. Taxpayers: The benefits of Medicare, a federal health insurance program primarily for people age 65 and older, are funded by taxpayers through various revenue sources, including payroll
taxes, income taxes, and premiums paid by beneficiaries.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Look at the performance of an individual or organization: Micro perspectives on quality focus on evaluating the performance of specific individuals, healthcare providers, or organizations, such as hospitals or clinics.
B. Look at quality from the population's standpoint: This is an example of a macro perspective on quality, which considers healthcare outcomes and quality indicators at a broader population level.
C. Joint Commission quality check website: The Joint Commission is a healthcare accrediting organization that evaluates and accredits healthcare organizations and programs based on
established standards and quality measures. While it contributes to quality assessment, it does not represent a specific perspective (micro or macro).
D. Reflect the performance of the entire health care delivery system: This is another example of a macro perspective on quality, which assesses the overall performance and effectiveness of the healthcare delivery system as a whole.
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