What type of fluid would you anticipate using with a patient with dehydration?
Colloid solution
Hypotonic solution
Isotonic solution
Hypertonic solution
The Correct Answer is C
A. Colloid solution – Colloid solutions (e.g., albumin) are used to expand intravascular volume in cases like hypovolemic shock, not typically for general dehydration.
B. Hypotonic solution – Hypotonic solutions (e.g., 0.45% NaCl) may be used after initial rehydration to shift fluid into cells, but they are not first-line for treating extracellular dehydration.
C. Isotonic solution – Isotonic fluids (e.g., 0.9% normal saline or lactated Ringer’s) are the first choice for treating dehydration, especially when there is fluid volume deficit in the extracellular space. They help restore circulating volume without causing fluid shifts between compartments.
D. Hypertonic solution – Hypertonic solutions draw fluid out of cells and are typically used in cases of hyponatremia or cerebral edema, not routine dehydration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Alterations in touch – Metronidazole is not commonly associated with tactile (touch) changes. Neuropathy can occur with prolonged use, but this is not a typical early or sensory-specific effect.
B. Metallic taste – A metallic taste is a well-known and common adverse effect of metronidazole. Clients should be informed that this is unpleasant but not harmful.
C. Olfactory changes – Metronidazole does not typically cause changes in the sense of smell.
D. Hearing loss – Hearing loss is associated with other medications such as aminoglycosides, not metronidazole.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Normal cardiac output with impaired filling ability of the heart – This describes diastolic dysfunction, which can be part of heart failure, but not all heart failure involves normal cardiac output.
B. Normal cardiac output with impaired electrical conduction of the heart –This describes cardiac arrhythmias or conduction disorders, not heart failure.
C. Decreased cardiac output due to impaired pumping ability of the heart – Heart failure is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs, resulting in reduced cardiac output. This can be due to systolic dysfunction (weakened contraction) or diastolic dysfunction (impaired filling).
D. Increased cardiac output due to excessive pumping ability of the heart – Heart failure is associated with decreased, not increased, cardiac output.
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