What type of tissue lines the kidney tubules?
areolar CT
simple columnar ET
nonkeratinized stratified squamous ET
simple squamous ET
simple cuboidal ET
The Correct Answer is E
A. areolar CT: Areolar connective tissue provides support and flexibility beneath epithelial layers but does not line tubular structures like the kidney tubules.
B. simple columnar ET: Simple columnar epithelium is specialized for absorption and secretion in areas like the gastrointestinal tract. Its taller cells are not suited for the thin, absorptive lining required in kidney tubules.
C. nonkeratinized stratified squamous ET: This epithelium protects against abrasion in areas such as the esophagus and oral cavity, but its multiple layers and thickness make it inappropriate for kidney tubules where rapid exchange occurs.
D. simple squamous ET: Simple squamous epithelium allows rapid diffusion and is found in structures like the glomerulus, but it is too thin for the majority of the kidney tubules, which require more absorptive and secretory capacity.
E. simple cuboidal ET: Simple cuboidal epithelium forms the lining of most kidney tubules. Its cube-shaped cells provide the surface area necessary for absorption and secretion while maintaining a single-cell layer for efficient transport of substances.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Delivers important sensory information about our environmental conditions to our brains:The skin contains sensory receptors that detect touch, pressure, temperature, and pain, sending this information to the brain for interpretation.
B. Holds a portion of the blood's total volume to be shunted (diverted) to other organs when needed:The skin’s extensive vascular network can store blood and redirect it to vital organs during times of need, helping regulate blood pressure and thermoregulation.
C. Gives the body its overall shape, loss of this function can be seen with the drooping of skin with age:While the skin contributes to appearance and elasticity, the body’s overall shape is primarily determined by the skeletal system and underlying musculature.
D. Conducts chemical reactions using the sun’s energy to initiate vitamin D synthesis:The skin is essential for the synthesis of vitamin D when exposed to UVB rays from sunlight, which is a critical metabolic function supporting calcium homeostasis and bone health.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Electron transport chain/oxidative phosphorylation:This stage of cellular respiration produces the majority of ATP, typically about 26–34 molecules per glucose. It relies on the transfer of electrons through protein complexes and the use of a proton gradient to drive ATP synthase activity.
B. oxidation reactions:Oxidation reactions remove electrons from molecules, often transferring them to NAD⁺ or FAD. While essential for energy extraction, these reactions alone do not directly generate large amounts of ATP.
C. substrate-level phosphorylation:This mechanism occurs during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, producing ATP directly from enzyme-mediated reactions. However, it only accounts for a small fraction of ATP yield, about 2 ATP in glycolysis and 2 in the Krebs cycle.
D. lactic acid production:Lactic acid is formed in anaerobic respiration when pyruvate is reduced to lactate. This process regenerates NAD⁺ for glycolysis but yields no additional ATP beyond the small amount produced in glycolysis itself.
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