When addressing a local community group on the topic of obesity, the nurse should include the following points:

The approval process for bariatric surgery.

The effectiveness of behavioral therapy for clients seeking to lose weight.

The increased risk of morbidity and mortality associated with obesity.

The importance of diet and exercise in a successful weight loss program.

The safety and effectiveness of weight loss drugs.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D

Choice A Reason:
The process of being approved for bariatric surgery is not relatively simple. It involves a comprehensive evaluation that includes medical tests, psychological assessment, and dietary counseling. The process can take several months to ensure that the patient is a suitable candidate for surgery.

Choice B Reason:
Behavioral therapy has been shown to be effective for clients seeking to lose weight. It involves strategies such as self-monitoring, developing problem-solving skills, and establishing a support network, which can lead to significant and sustainable weight loss.

Choice C Reason:
Obesity is known to increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. Excess body weight is associated with a higher risk of developing chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers.

Choice D Reason:
Diet and exercise are indeed critical components of a successful weight loss program. A combination of a calorie-restricted diet and regular physical activity is the most effective way to achieve and maintain weight loss.

Choice E Reason:
While weight loss drugs can be an adjunct to diet and exercise for weight loss, they are not universally safe and effective. They can have side effects and are not suitable for everyone. Their use should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis, and they are typically prescribed when lifestyle modifications have not been sufficient.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason
Petechiae on the chest are a classic sign of fat emboli syndrome (FES). FES is a rare but serious complication that can occur after a long bone fracture, such as a femur fracture. The petechiae result from small fat droplets that travel to the skin's capillaries and cause pinpoint hemorrhages. This symptom is part of the classic triad for FES, which includes respiratory distress, neurological symptoms, and a petechial rash.

Choice B Reason
While an edematous calf may be a concern for deep vein thrombosis or other complications following a fracture, it is not a specific indicator of FES. Edema in the calf could be due to various reasons, including local trauma from the fracture itself or immobilization.

Choice C Reason
An elevated temperature can be associated with many post-injury complications, including infection or inflammatory response. However, it is not specific to FES. While patients with FES may present with fever, it is not one of the primary diagnostic criteria.

Choice D Reason
Paresthesia distal to the fracture could indicate nerve damage or compartment syndrome, which are important to assess in a patient with a femur fracture. However, paresthesia is not a specific sign of FES. The neurological symptoms associated with FES are more generalized and often include confusion or altered mental status.

A. Ceftriaxone, with a white blood cell count of 16,000 u/L. B. Zafirlukast, with an AST of 30 units/L and ALT of 20 units/L. C. Theophylline, with a theophylline level of 21 mg/dL. D. Prednisone, with a glucose level of 110 mg/dL.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason
Ceftriaxone is an antibiotic that may be prescribed during COPD exacerbations to treat or prevent infection. A white blood cell count of 16,000 u/L indicates an elevated level, which could be a response to infection. Therefore, ceftriaxone would be appropriate, and there is no need to question this medication based on the white blood cell count.

Choice B Reason
Zafirlukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for the prophylactic treatment of asthma, and it may be used off-label for COPD. AST and ALT levels are liver enzymes, and the values provided (AST of 30 units/L and ALT of 20 units/L) are within normal ranges. Thus, there is no immediate concern regarding liver function that would prompt the nurse to question the use of zafirlukast.

Choice C Reason
Theophylline is a bronchodilator used in the treatment of COPD. However, a theophylline level of 21 mg/dL is above the therapeutic range, which is generally considered to be 5-15 mg/dL. Levels above 20 mg/dL are associated with toxicity and can lead to serious side effects such as seizures or arrhythmias. Therefore, the nurse should question this medication due to the high theophylline level.

Choice D Reason
Prednisone is a corticosteroid that may be used to reduce inflammation during COPD exacerbations. A glucose level of 110 mg/dL is slightly elevated but may be expected as corticosteroids can increase blood sugar levels. This would not typically be a reason to question the use of prednisone unless the patient has poorly controlled diabetes or other specific contraindications.

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When addressing a local community group on the topic of obesity, the nurse should include the following points:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the client who sustained a fractured femur in a motor vehicle accident is experiencing fat emboli syndrome?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which medication should the nurse question for a client admitted with an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which statement, made by the client diagnosed with unstable angina, reflects an understanding of the nurse's discharge teaching?

Which nursing intervention is designed to help the client with progressive memory deficit associated with dementia function in his environment?

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