When administering medications to infants, it is essential to remember which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
Oral medications are contraindicated in infants.
Breastfeeding infants are more likely to develop toxicity when given lipid-soluble drugs.
Immaturity of renal function in infancy causes infants to excrete drugs less efficiently.
Infants are more sensitive to medications that act on the central nervous system.
Infants have immature livers, which slow drug metabolism.
Correct Answer : C,D,E
a) This is false because oral medications can be given to infants if they are in liquid form, have a suitable dose, and are administered with a dropper or syringe. However, oral medications should be given with caution and only when prescribed by a doctor.
b) This is false because lipid-soluble drugs are not easily passed into breast milk and do not affect breastfeeding infants. However, some drugs can be harmful to breastfeeding infants and should be avoided or used with caution by nursing mothers.
c) Immaturity of renal function in infancy affects drug excretion, potentially leading to prolonged drug effects and increased risk of toxicity.
d) Infants are more sensitive to medications that act on the central nervous system, and dose adjustments may be needed to prevent adverse effects.
e) Immature liver function in infants can slow down drug metabolism and elimination, leading to a higher risk of drug accumulation and toxicity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Consuming extra fluids to prevent hypercalciuria is not directly related to the interaction between calcium supplements and ciprofloxacin.
B) Calcium interferes with the absorption of ciprofloxacin, so they should be taken at least six hours apart to avoid decreased effectiveness of the antibiotic.
C) Stopping calcium supplements may not be necessary, but proper timing is crucial.
D) Taking the medications together can reduce the absorption of both, so they should be spaced apart.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a. This is the correct answer because maintaining adequate hydration helps prevent nephrotoxicity associated with acyclovir. Encouraging fluid intake during and after the infusion helps flush the drug through the kidneys.
b. While monitoring urinary output is important, it alone may not be sufficient to prevent nephrotoxicity.
c. Providing a low-protein diet is not a standard intervention for preventing acyclovir-induced nephrotoxicity.
d. Administering intravenous normal saline boluses, as ordered, can help maintain hydration and prevent nephrotoxicity. However, encouraging oral fluid intake is a more direct and immediate measure during acyclovir infusion.
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