When administering medications to infants, it is essential to remember which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
Oral medications are contraindicated in infants.
Breastfeeding infants are more likely to develop toxicity when given lipid-soluble drugs.
Immaturity of renal function in infancy causes infants to excrete drugs less efficiently.
Infants are more sensitive to medications that act on the central nervous system.
Infants have immature livers, which slow drug metabolism.
Correct Answer : C,D,E
a) This is false because oral medications can be given to infants if they are in liquid form, have a suitable dose, and are administered with a dropper or syringe. However, oral medications should be given with caution and only when prescribed by a doctor.
b) This is false because lipid-soluble drugs are not easily passed into breast milk and do not affect breastfeeding infants. However, some drugs can be harmful to breastfeeding infants and should be avoided or used with caution by nursing mothers.
c) Immaturity of renal function in infancy affects drug excretion, potentially leading to prolonged drug effects and increased risk of toxicity.
d) Infants are more sensitive to medications that act on the central nervous system, and dose adjustments may be needed to prevent adverse effects.
e) Immature liver function in infants can slow down drug metabolism and elimination, leading to a higher risk of drug accumulation and toxicity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a) An elevated temperature could indicate an infection, which is a serious concern in a client taking steroids, as steroids can suppress the immune system. This finding should be reported immediately.
b) Blood pressure within this range is generally acceptable and may not be a cause for immediate concern.
c) A glucose level of 128 mg/dl is within a reasonable range and may not require immediate reporting unless there are other concerning factors.
d) A heart rate of 102 beats per minute is generally within an acceptable range and may not be an immediate cause for concern in the absence of other symptoms.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a) St. John's Wort is known to increase the risk of bleeding, particularly when used in conjunction with anticoagulant medications. This effect is of concern and may require adjustments in the treatment plan.
b) While St. John's Wort can interact with various drugs, increasing the risk of bleeding is a more immediate concern.
c) St. John's Wort does not counteract the effects of CNS depressants; it may actually enhance the effects of these drugs.
d) St. John's Wort is known to induce the metabolism of some drugs, potentially reducing their effectiveness, but the immediate concern is the risk of bleeding.
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