When calculating total blood volume for a full-term, 2-day-old infant, which of the following information should a phlebotomist consider?
Apgar score
Height
Head circumference
Weight
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason:
The Apgar score is a quick test performed on a newborn at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. The 1-minute score determines how well the baby tolerated the birthing process. The 5-minute score tells the healthcare provider how well the baby is doing outside the mother's womb. While it is an important indicator of a newborn's health, it does not directly influence the calculation of total blood volume.
Choice B reason:
Height is a measure of the length of a person's body. In the context of a 2-day-old infant, height is not a practical or necessary measurement for determining blood volume. Blood volume is more closely related to weight than to height, especially in the case of infants.
Choice C reason:
Head circumference is a measurement of the size of a child's head and is used to monitor brain growth. While it can provide valuable information about a child's development, it is not used to calculate blood volume. The total blood volume of an infant is not determined by the size of the head but rather by the overall weight.
Choice D reason:
Weight is the correct factor to consider when calculating total blood volume for a full-term, 2-day-old infant. The standard formula to estimate an infant's total blood volume is approximately 80 {mL/kg} of body weight. Therefore, knowing the infant's weight in kilograms is essential for this calculation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Collecting the specimen in an SST (serum separator tube) is not suitable for ABG (arterial blood gas) analysis. SST tubes are used for chemistry tests that require serum separation after centrifugation and are not designed for the preservation of blood gases.
Choice B reason:
Placing the specimen in ice is the correct action when transporting a specimen for ABG analysis. Cooling the specimen slows down metabolic processes, which can alter the levels of gases and pH in the blood if not promptly analyzed. This is particularly important if there is a delay expected in the analysis of the ABG specimen.
Choice C reason:
Collecting the specimen in sodium citrate is not appropriate for ABG analysis. Sodium citrate is an anticoagulant used in coagulation studies and would interfere with the measurement of blood gases and pH levels in an ABG analysis.
Choice D reason:
Inserting the specimen in a light-resistant package is not a standard requirement for ABG specimens. While protecting specimens from light is important for certain types of tests, such as those for bilirubin, it is not necessary for ABG analysis.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Keeping the patient as upright as possible is not recommended in cases of shock. When a patient is in shock, it is important to lay them down and elevate their legs slightly, unless this position causes pain or further injury. This position helps improve blood flow to the brain.
Choice B Reason:
Providing a cooling blanket is not a standard first aid measure for shock due to a medication reaction. A cooling blanket may be used in cases of hyperthermia or heatstroke to reduce body temperature, but not typically for shock, which requires maintaining normal body temperature and preventing chilling.
Choice C Reason:
Administering oral fluids to a patient in shock is not advisable. During shock, a patient may have an impaired swallowing reflex or be unconscious, increasing the risk of aspiration. It is best to avoid giving anything by mouth until medical personnel arrive.
Choice D Reason:
Maintaining an open airway is crucial for a patient in shock. Ensuring that the airway is clear allows the patient to breathe effectively, which is essential for delivering oxygen to the tissues and organs. If the patient is unconscious or has an altered level of consciousness, the phlebotomist should check for breathing and begin CPR if necessary.
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