When caring for a client receiving a 20% mannitol IV solution at the rate of 100 grams/24 hours (or 70 mg/min), which outcome data is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to collect?

Ankle circumference

Heart rate

Dietary intake

Urinary output

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Ankle circumference monitors edema, which mannitol reduces by drawing fluid from tissues. However, this is secondary to urinary output, as mannitol’s primary action is diuresis, increasing urine production to reduce intracranial or intraocular pressure, making edema measurement less critical.

Choice B reason: Heart rate is relevant for overall monitoring but not the primary outcome for mannitol, which acts as an osmotic diuretic. Cardiovascular effects are secondary, and mannitol’s efficacy is better assessed by urine output, which directly reflects its diuretic mechanism.

Choice C reason: Dietary intake is unrelated to mannitol’s therapeutic effect. Mannitol pulls fluid into the bloodstream, increasing urine output, not influenced by diet. Monitoring intake may be relevant for other conditions, but it is not critical for assessing mannitol’s diuretic action.

Choice D reason: Urinary output is the most important outcome, as mannitol, an osmotic diuretic, increases urine production by drawing fluid into the renal tubules, reducing intracranial or intraocular pressure. Adequate output (e.g., >30 mL/hour) confirms efficacy, preventing fluid overload or renal complications.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that inhibits leukotrienes, mediators of inflammation in allergic responses. By blocking these, it reduces airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production, preventing asthma or allergic rhinitis symptoms. This prophylactic action targets the immune response to allergens, stabilizing respiratory function before symptoms escalate.

Choice B reason: Montelukast does not increase mucus production. Instead, it reduces mucus by inhibiting leukotriene-driven inflammation in the airways. Increased mucus is a symptom of uncontrolled asthma or allergies, which montelukast aims to prevent. This choice is incorrect as it contradicts the drug’s mechanism of reducing inflammatory responses in the lungs.

Choice C reason: Montelukast does not contract respiratory smooth muscles. It prevents bronchoconstriction by blocking leukotrienes, which cause smooth muscle contraction in asthma. By inhibiting this pathway, it promotes airway relaxation, not contraction. This choice is incorrect, as it misrepresents the drug’s role in maintaining open airways.

Choice D reason: Montelukast does not repair damaged lung tissue. Its primary role is to prevent inflammation and bronchoconstriction caused by allergens. Lung tissue repair involves other physiological processes, not influenced by montelukast. This choice is incorrect, as it falsely attributes tissue regeneration to a drug focused on immune modulation.

A. Reassure the client that neutropenia often causes bone pain B. Prepare a variance report about the onset of pain after injection C. Plan to administer the next dose at an alternate injection site D. Offer to administer a prescribed PRN analgesic to the client

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Reassuring that neutropenia causes bone pain is incorrect, as the pain is a side effect of filgrastim, not neutropenia. Filgrastim stimulates bone marrow, causing medullary expansion and pain. Misattributing the cause fails to address the drug’s effect, making this choice inappropriate.

Choice B reason: Preparing a variance report is unnecessary, as bone pain is a known filgrastim side effect, not an error. Filgrastim increases neutrophil production, stressing bone marrow and causing pain. Reporting is not the priority; managing the client’s discomfort is more immediate and appropriate.

Choice C reason: Changing the injection site does not alleviate bone pain, as it results from filgrastim’s systemic effect on bone marrow stimulation, not local irritation. Pain is due to increased hematopoiesis in marrow, not the injection itself, making this choice ineffective for addressing the symptom.

Choice D reason: Offering a PRN analgesic addresses bone pain, a common filgrastim side effect caused by bone marrow expansion from stimulated neutrophil production. Analgesics relieve discomfort without altering the drug’s therapeutic effect, making this the most appropriate action to improve client comfort and adherence.

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When caring for a client receiving a 20% mannitol IV solution at the rate of 100 grams/24 hours (or 70 mg/min), which outcome data is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to collect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client receives a new prescription for montelukast. Which information should the practical nurse (PN) include when reinforcing the client's teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The practical nurse (PN) administers filgrastim subcutaneous to a client with neutropenia. The client becomes troubled with bone pain. Which action should the PN take?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with overactive bladder starts a new prescription for oxybutynin. When assessing the client prior to medication administration, which finding should the practical nurse (PN) report to the charge nurse?

The practical nurse (PN) is checking the insulin dose drawn up by another PN and notes that the amount of insulin is 2 units more than the amount indicated for the glucose level written on the client’s medication record. Which action should the PN take?

Which client information should the practical nurse (PN) obtain prior to preparing a dose of the influenza vaccine?

A client is receiving tetracycline for chlamydia urethritis. The practical nurse (PN) should reinforce which instruction?

A client with diabetic peripheral neuropathy receives a new prescription for pregabalin. To assess the effectiveness of the medication, which action should the practical nurse (PN) include when assessing the client’s feet?

The practical nurse (PN) is obtaining information from a female client who is starting a new prescription for conjugated estrogens 0.625 mg PO daily. Prior to the client taking the first dose of the medication, which information should the PN obtain?

A client with a history of anaphylactic reaction to penicillin receives a prescription for cephalexin 500 mg by mouth twice daily. Which action should the practical nurse (PN) take?

The practical nurse (PN) is preparing to administer a maintenance dose of an antihypertensive medication to an adult client and notes that the client’s blood pressure is 120/72 mm Hg. Which action should the PN take?