When obtaining a client's health history related to smoking cigarettes, the nurse plans to determine the client's smoking pack years. Which information should the nurse obtain for this calculation? Select all that apply.

Number of attempts to quit smoking.

Packs of cigarettes smoked per day.

Client's current age.

Number of years the client smoked.

Age when the client started smoking.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

Choice A Reason

Number of attempts to quit smoking is incorrect. While the number of attempts to quit smoking may provide insight into the client's smoking cessation efforts and motivation, it is not directly relevant to calculating smoking pack years. Pack years specifically quantify the amount and duration of smoking, rather than cessation attempts.

Choice B Reason:

Packs of cigarettes smoked per day is correct. The number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day is a crucial factor in calculating smoking pack years. Pack years are calculated by multiplying the number of packs smoked per day by the number of years the individual has smoked. This information provides a quantitative measure of smoking exposure over time.

Choice C Reason:

Client's current age is incorrect. While the client's current age may be relevant in assessing overall health, risks associated with smoking and in discussing smoking cessation strategies, it is not directly used in the calculation of smoking pack years. Pack years are based on the total duration of smoking and the average daily consumption of cigarettes, not the client's current age.

Choice D Reason:

Number of years the client smoked is correct. The number of years the client has smoked is a critical piece of information for calculating smoking pack years. Pack years are calculated by multiplying the number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day by the number of years the individual has smoked. This helps quantify the duration of smoking history.

Choice E Reason:

Age when the client started smoking is correct. Knowing the age at which the client started smoking is essential for determining the duration of smoking history, which is a key component in calculating pack years. It helps provide a comprehensive understanding of the client's smoking habits and exposure to tobacco smoke over time.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:
Asking the client to recall what was consumed for lunch and breakfast is appropriate. Asking the client to recall recent events, such as what was consumed for lunch and breakfast, helps assess their short-term memory. Difficulty recalling recent events or recent medication doses may indicate emery impairment or cognitive decline, which could be contributing to the reported confusion and forgetfulness. This assessment provides valuable information about the client's ability to retain and recall recent information, which is pertinent to understanding the extent of memory impairment.
Choice B Reason:
Asking the spouse how often the pain medication is to be taken is inappropriate. While asking the spouse about the pain medication regimen provides information about the client's medication schedule, it does not directly assess the client's memory. Additionally, relying solely on the spouse's report may not accurately reflect the client's memory abilities or recall of medication instructions.
Choice C Reason:
Request for the spouse to write down the things the client forgets is inappropriate. Asking the spouse to write down forgotten items may help track memory lapses but does not directly assess the client's memory during the home visit. It also does not provide real-time information about the client's ability to recall recent events or medication instructions.
Choice D Reason:
Observing client ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) is inappropriate. Assessing the client's ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) is important for evaluating overall functional status but may not specifically target memory assessment. While memory impairment can impact ADL performance, it is not the most direct assessment for evaluating memory specifically during the home visit.

A. Fluid volume excess. B. Unbalanced nutrition, less than body needs. C. Unbalanced nutrition, greater than body needs. D. Fluid volume deficit.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason:
Fluid volume excess is incorrect. Fluid volume excess refers to an overabundance of fluid in the body, leading to symptoms such as edema, weight gain, and hypertension. However, a BMI of 14 kg/m^2 indicates underweight, not fluid volume excess. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
Choice B Reason:
Unbalanced nutrition, less than body needs is correct. A BMI of less than 18.5 indicates underweight according to the provided reference range. Underweight individuals often do not consume enough nutrients to meet their body's needs, leading to potential nutritional deficiencies. Therefore, the nursing problem of "Unbalanced nutrition, less than body needs" is appropriate for addressing the client's low BMI.
Choice C Reason:
Unbalanced nutrition, greater than body needs is incorrect. This choice would be more applicable if the client's BMI indicated overweight or obesity, as it suggests an excess intake of nutrients relative to the body's needs. However, a BMI of 14 kg/m^2 indicates underweight, not excess weight. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
Choice D Reason:
Fluid volume deficit is incorrect. Fluid volume deficit refers to a decreased amount of fluid in the body, leading to symptoms such as dehydration, decreased urine output, and hypotension. However, a low BMI does not necessarily indicate fluid volume deficit; it primarily reflects undernutrition. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

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When obtaining a client's health history related to smoking cigarettes, the nurse plans to determine the client's smoking pack years. Which information should the nurse obtain for this calculation? Select all that apply.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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