When obtaining a client's health history related to smoking cigarettes, the nurse plans to determine the client's smoking pack years. Which information should the nurse obtain for this calculation? Select all that apply.

Number of attempts to quit smoking.

Packs of cigarettes smoked per day.

Client's current age.

Number of years the client smoked.

Age when the client started smoking.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

Choice A Reason

Number of attempts to quit smoking is incorrect. While the number of attempts to quit smoking may provide insight into the client's smoking cessation efforts and motivation, it is not directly relevant to calculating smoking pack years. Pack years specifically quantify the amount and duration of smoking, rather than cessation attempts.

Choice B Reason:

Packs of cigarettes smoked per day is correct. The number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day is a crucial factor in calculating smoking pack years. Pack years are calculated by multiplying the number of packs smoked per day by the number of years the individual has smoked. This information provides a quantitative measure of smoking exposure over time.

Choice C Reason:

Client's current age is incorrect. While the client's current age may be relevant in assessing overall health, risks associated with smoking and in discussing smoking cessation strategies, it is not directly used in the calculation of smoking pack years. Pack years are based on the total duration of smoking and the average daily consumption of cigarettes, not the client's current age.

Choice D Reason:

Number of years the client smoked is correct. The number of years the client has smoked is a critical piece of information for calculating smoking pack years. Pack years are calculated by multiplying the number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day by the number of years the individual has smoked. This helps quantify the duration of smoking history.

Choice E Reason:

Age when the client started smoking is correct. Knowing the age at which the client started smoking is essential for determining the duration of smoking history, which is a key component in calculating pack years. It helps provide a comprehensive understanding of the client's smoking habits and exposure to tobacco smoke over time.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason:
Performing passive range of motion and compare the findings is inappropriate. While assessing passive range of motion can provide information about joint mobility and flexibility, it may not directly address the asymmetry observed in the legs. Range of motion assessment is more relevant for evaluating joint function and flexibility rather than leg length asymmetry.
Choice B Reason:
Comparing measured circumferences of each extremity joint is inappropriate. Measuring circumferences of extremity joints may help identify differences in muscle mass or swelling, but it may not directly address the asymmetrical leg length observed. Circumference measurements are more relevant for assessing muscle bulk or detecting signs of edema rather than leg length asymmetry.
Choice C Reason:
Instructing client to walk across the room and observe the gait is inappropriate. Observing the client's gait can provide valuable information about their walking pattern and any abnormalities in movement. While an abnormal gait may be associated with leg length asymmetry, directly measuring leg length would provide more precise data for evaluation.
Choice D Reason:
Measuring the length of each leg and document the findings is appropriate. Measuring the length of each leg can help identify any significant differences in leg length, which could be contributing to the asymmetry observed. Leg length discrepancy can result from various musculoskeletal conditions such as scoliosis, hip dysplasia, or unequal growth rates. Documenting the findings allows for accurate tracking of changes over time and provides important information for healthcare providers to determine appropriate interventions, such as orthotic devices or physical therapy.

A. Appears confused and depressed. B. Demonstrates signs of early dementia. C. Ambulatory and disoriented to place. D. Wandering behavior with flat affect.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason:
Appears confused and depressed is incorrect. This option includes subjective interpretations ("confused" and "depressed") that may not accurately reflect the observed behavior. It's important to avoid subjective assessments and stick to objective descriptions of the client's behavior and mental status.
Choice B Reason:
Demonstrates signs of early dementia is incorrect. This option jumps to a diagnostic label ("early dementia") based on the observed behavior, which is not appropriate without further assessment and evaluation by a healthcare provider specializing in geriatric care or neurology. It's crucial to avoid diagnosing conditions based solely on observations without proper evaluation.
Choice C Reason:
While the client is ambulatory, the term "disoriented to place" is an assumption that has not been explicitly confirmed through an assessment. The documentation should be based on observable facts rather than assumptions.
Choice D Reason:
This statement is accurate, objective, and based on observable behaviors. "Wandering behavior" describes the client's aimless walking, and "flat affect" refers to the blank expression. This documentation does not make assumptions about the client's mental state beyond what is directly observable.

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When obtaining a client's health history related to smoking cigarettes, the nurse plans to determine the client's smoking pack years. Which information should the nurse obtain for this calculation? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

While assessing a client, the nurse notices that the client's legs are asymmetrical. Which additional physical data should the nurse collect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse observes an older adult client walking aimlessly in the hallway and staring straight ahead with a blank expression. How should the nurse enter documentation of this finding in the client's electronic medical record (EMR)?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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