When providing information about elevated cholesterol levels, the nurse explains that saturated fats usually are animal in origin, solid at room temperature, and should be avoided because they:

Interfere with metabolism.

Increase blood cholesterol levels.

Must be hydrogenated.

Block the absorption of nutrients.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

While saturated fats are part of the body's metabolic processes, their primary negative impact at elevated levels isn't directly interfering with the overall metabolic pathways in a disruptive manner. The issue lies more specifically with their influence on lipid profiles rather than a broad metabolic dysfunction.

Choice B rationale

Saturated fats, primarily found in animal products, have been shown to increase low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels in the blood. Elevated LDL cholesterol is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up in the arteries, narrowing them and increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke.

Choice C rationale

Hydrogenation is a process used to solidify unsaturated fats, creating trans fats, which are even more detrimental to cholesterol levels than saturated fats. Saturated fats themselves are naturally solid at room temperature and do not inherently need to be hydrogenated to achieve this state.

Choice D rationale

Saturated fats do not typically block the absorption of essential nutrients. The digestive system is designed to absorb a variety of fats, including saturated fats, along with other nutrients. The primary concern with high intake of saturated fats is their negative impact on blood lipid levels.

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Correct Answer is ["1.52"]

Explanation

Step 1 is: The physician ordered 500 mg and the available concentration is 330 mg/mL. To find the volume to administer, divide the ordered dose by the available concentration: 500 mg ÷ 330 mg/mL.

Step 2 is: 500 ÷ 330 = 1.5151.

Step 3 is: Round to the nearest hundredth as is common for medication administration: 1.52 mL.

Final answer: The nurse will administer 1.52 mL.

A. NPO until dysphagia subsides. B. Initiation of total parenteral nutrition. C. Mechanical soft diet. D. Supplements via NG tube.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

NPO (nothing by mouth) until dysphagia subsides might be a temporary measure immediately following a stroke to prevent aspiration. However, prolonged NPO status can lead to malnutrition and dehydration. The plan of care should aim for the safest and most effective route for nutritional support as soon as feasible, considering the patient's swallowing ability.

Choice B rationale

Initiation of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a method of providing nutrition intravenously, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. TPN is typically reserved for patients with a non-functional or severely impaired digestive system. For a patient with dysphagia after a stroke, if the gastrointestinal tract is functional, enteral feeding (via a feeding tube) is often preferred over TPN due to its physiological benefits and lower risk of complications.

Choice C rationale

A mechanical soft diet consists of foods that are easy to chew and swallow. The texture of the food is altered (e.g., pureed, mashed, ground) to reduce the effort required for mastication and swallowing, thereby decreasing the risk of aspiration in patients with dysphagia. This type of diet is a common nutritional therapy for individuals with mild to moderate swallowing difficulties following a stroke.

Choice D rationale

Supplements via NG tube (nasogastric tube) involve delivering liquid nutritional formulas directly into the stomach through a tube inserted into the nose and down the esophagus. While an NG tube can provide necessary nutrition for patients with dysphagia, a gastrostomy tube (G-tube or PEG tube), placed directly into the stomach through the abdominal wall, is often preferred for long-term enteral feeding as it is generally more comfortable and less likely to cause irritation than an NG tube.

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When providing information about elevated cholesterol levels, the nurse explains that saturated fats usually are animal in origin, solid at room temperature, and should be avoided because they:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The physician orders Ancef 500 mg IV for a urinary tract infection. After reconstitution, the medication is available as 330 mg/mL. How many milliliters will the nurse administer?

Correct Answer is ["1.52"]

Explanation

Which of the following nutritional therapies should the nurse expect to include in the plan of care?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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