Where are most clotting factors synthesized in the body?
Spleen.
Red bone marrow.
Perivascular tissue.
Kidneys.
Liver.
The Correct Answer is E
Choice A rationale
The spleen is primarily involved in filtering blood, removing old red blood cells, and housing immune cells. While it plays a role in blood storage and immune responses, it is not a primary site for the synthesis of most clotting factors, which are complex proteins.
Choice B rationale
Red bone marrow is the primary site of hematopoiesis, the production of all blood cells, including platelets, erythrocytes, and leukocytes. However, it does not synthesize most of the plasma clotting factors; rather, it produces the cellular components involved in coagulation.
Choice C rationale
Perivascular tissue surrounds blood vessels and contains various cell types, including fibroblasts and adipocytes. While these tissues can contribute to local inflammatory responses or tissue repair, they are not major sites for the systemic synthesis of plasma clotting factors.
Choice D rationale
The kidneys play a vital role in blood filtration, waste excretion, and regulation of blood pressure and erythropoiesis (via erythropoietin). However, the kidneys do not synthesize the majority of the plasma clotting factors required for hemostasis.
Choice E rationale
The liver is the primary site for the synthesis of most plasma clotting factors, including fibrinogen, prothrombin, and factors V, VII, IX, X, and others. Hepatocytes in the liver are responsible for the complex protein synthesis required for the coagulation cascade, making it critical for hemostasis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The pericardial cavity is the potential space between the parietal and visceral layers of the serous pericardium, containing pericardial fluid. While the heart resides within this cavity, the pericardial cavity itself is a component *within* the larger mediastinum.
Choice B rationale
The mediastinum is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity, located between the two pleural cavities. It extends from the sternum to the vertebral column and contains the heart, great vessels, trachea, esophagus, and thymus. The heart is indeed enfolded within this space.
Choice C rationale
The abdominal cavity is a large body cavity in the abdominopelvic region, containing major digestive, urinary, and reproductive organs. The heart is located in the thoracic cavity, superior to the diaphragm, and thus is not found in the abdominal cavity.
Choice D rationale
The pleural cavity refers to the potential space between the parietal and visceral pleura, surrounding each lung. There are two pleural cavities, one for each lung. The heart is situated *between* these two cavities, not within them.
Choice E rationale
The myocardium is the muscular layer of the heart wall responsible for pumping blood. It is a part of the heart itself, not a space that encloses the heart. The myocardium is covered externally by the epicardium and internally by the endocardium.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice D rationale
Prolactin is a hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, not the hypothalamus. Its primary function is to stimulate milk production in the mammary glands after childbirth. The hypothalamus produces prolactin-inhibiting hormone (dopamine) and prolactin-releasing factors that regulate prolactin secretion.
Choice A rationale
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, is synthesized in the hypothalamus and then transported to the posterior pituitary for storage and release. It plays a critical role in water reabsorption by the kidneys, regulating fluid balance and blood pressure.
Choice B rationale
Oxytocin is synthesized in the hypothalamus and subsequently stored and released from the posterior pituitary gland. It is involved in uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during lactation, also playing a role in social bonding.
Choice C rationale
Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete growth hormone (GH). GHRH is crucial for regulating body growth and metabolism by promoting the release of GH.
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