Which adverse effect unique to vancomycin is caused by histamine release?
Discoloration of body fluids
Ototoxicity
Red-man syndrome
Nephrotoxicity
The Correct Answer is C
A. Discoloration of body fluids:
Vancomycin can cause discoloration of body fluids, particularly urine, resulting in a brownish discoloration. However, this is not caused by histamine release.
B. Ototoxicity:
Ototoxicity refers to damage to the inner ear structures leading to hearing loss or balance problems. While vancomycin can cause ototoxicity, it is not specifically associated with histamine release.
C. Red-man syndrome
Red-man syndrome, also known as red-neck syndrome or red-person syndrome, is a hypersensitivity reaction characterized by flushing of the skin, particularly the upper body and face, resembling a "red man." This reaction is typically associated with the rapid infusion of vancomycin and is caused by the release of histamine from mast cells and basophils. It is not an allergic reaction but rather a non-immunologic response to vancomycin.
D. Nephrotoxicity:
Nephrotoxicity refers to kidney damage caused by certain medications or toxins. While vancomycin can cause nephrotoxicity, it is not specifically associated with histamine release.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["50"]
Explanation
To calculate the infusion rate in gtt/min, the nurse needs to use the formula:
Infusion rate (gtt/min) = Volume (mL) x Drop factor (gtt/mL) / Time (min)
Plugging in the given values, we get:
Infusion rate (gtt/min) = 400 mL x 60 gtt/mL / 480 min
Simplifying, we get:
Infusion rate (gtt/min) = 50 gtt/min
Therefore, the nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver 50 gtt/min.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. 36 months:
This duration is longer than typical treatment courses for TB. While treatment for drug-resistant TB may require an extended duration, standard treatment for drug-sensitive TB typically lasts for a shorter period.
B. 6-12 months:
This duration is within the typical range for the treatment of drug-sensitive TB. Standard treatment regimens for drug-sensitive TB usually involve a combination of multiple antibiotics taken for 6 to 9 months, sometimes extending up to 12 months depending on factors such as the severity of the disease and the patient's response to treatment.
C. 2-4 weeks:
This duration is too short for the treatment of TB. TB treatment requires a prolonged course of antibiotics to ensure the complete eradication of the bacteria and to prevent the development of drug resistance.
D. 7-10 days:
This duration is too short for the treatment of TB. TB treatment typically lasts for several months rather than days, as it involves a combination of antibiotics taken for an extended period to effectively treat the infection.
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