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Which breath sounds indicate the infant is experiencing respiratory distress? (Select All That Apply: SATA)

Eupnea

Apnea

Tachypnea

Wheezing

Grunting

Retractions

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D,E,F

a) Eupnea: Normal breathing rate and pattern, not indicative of distress.

b) Apnea: Cessation of breathing, a sign of significant distress.

c) Tachypnea: Rapid breathing, often seen in respiratory distress.

d) Wheezing: High-pitched, musical sounds during expiration, suggesting airway obstruction.

e) Grunting: Heard during expiration, a sign of the body's attempt to keep air in the lungs, indicating distress.

f) Retractions: Visible sinking of tissues between ribs or at the sternum, indicating increased effort to breathe, a sign of distress.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

a) Weight should triple by 6 months of age: Typically, a newborn's birth weight should double by around 4 to 6 months of age and triple by approximately 12 months (1 year).

b) Weight should double by 4 months of age: Doubling the birth weight by 4 months is too rapid for healthy growth.

c) Weight should double by 1 year of age: Weight doubling usually occurs by 6 months of age. By 1 year of age, a baby's weight is expected to be about three times their birth weight.

d) Weight should triple by 1 year of age: By the end of the first year, a baby’s weight typically triples from their birth weight, which is a standard growth milestone.

A. Centrism B. Transudative reasoning C. Conservation D. Object permanence

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

a) Centrism: The tendency to focus on only one aspect of a situation is more characteristic of Piaget's preoperational stage (2-7 years).

b) Transudative

c) Conservation: The understanding that quantity remains the same despite changes in shape or arrangement. This typically develops later in Piaget's concrete operational stage (7-11 years).

d) Object permanence: Refers to the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are not within view. This is a major developmental milestone that typically emerges around 8 to 9 months of age.

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Which breath sounds indicate the infant is experiencing respiratory distress? (Select All That Apply: SATA)

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