Which cause of pediatric enuresis must be ruled out before psychological causes are investigated? Select all that apply.
Small bladder capacity
Urinary tract infection/TI)
Stress incontinence
Regression
Cognitive dysfunction
Diabetes mellitus
Correct Answer : B,F
A. Small bladder capacity can contribute to enuresis but may not need to be ruled out before addressing psychological factors.
B. Urinary tract infections can cause enuresis and should be evaluated and treated before investigating psychological causes.
C. Stress incontinence typically refers to the involuntary loss of urine due to pressure and may be a psychological factor rather than a physiological cause.
D. Regression can be a behavioral response but is not a medical cause that needs to be ruled out.
E. Cognitive dysfunction can contribute to enuresis but is not primarily a medical cause that needs to be ruled out.
F. Diabetes mellitus can lead to increased urination (polyuria) and should be evaluated as a potential medical cause before considering psychological factors.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Positioning the infant on their back and upright in Semi-Fowler's helps prevent aspiration and supports respiratory function after surgery.
B. Encouraging parents to hold the baby is important for bonding, but caution should be taken to avoid placing pressure on the surgical site.
C. Aspirin should not be administered due to the risk of Reye's syndrome; acetaminophen is typically used for pain management in infants.
D. Applying elbow restraints as ordered is necessary to prevent the infant from pulling at the surgical site and to ensure proper healing.
E. Maintaining IV therapy is crucial for nutrition until the infant can take oral feeds safely.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While administering diphenhydramine may be appropriate for allergic reactions, the priority action is to first stop the transfusion to assess and manage the situation appropriately.
B. Checking the child's apical pulse may provide additional information, but it is not the immediate priority in response to trouble breathing.
C. Stopping the transfusion is the critical first step in managing a suspected transfusion reaction, particularly since the child is exhibiting respiratory distress and a fever, which could indicate an acute hemolytic or allergic reaction.
D. Collecting a urine sample may be indicated later, particularly if a hemolytic reaction is suspected, but it is not an immediate priority over stopping the transfusion and ensuring patient safety.
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