Which cause of pediatric enuresis must be ruled out before psychological causes are investigated? Select all that apply.
Small bladder capacity
Urinary tract infection/TI)
Stress incontinence
Regression
Cognitive dysfunction
Diabetes mellitus
Correct Answer : B,F
A. Small bladder capacity can contribute to enuresis but may not need to be ruled out before addressing psychological factors.
B. Urinary tract infections can cause enuresis and should be evaluated and treated before investigating psychological causes.
C. Stress incontinence typically refers to the involuntary loss of urine due to pressure and may be a psychological factor rather than a physiological cause.
D. Regression can be a behavioral response but is not a medical cause that needs to be ruled out.
E. Cognitive dysfunction can contribute to enuresis but is not primarily a medical cause that needs to be ruled out.
F. Diabetes mellitus can lead to increased urination (polyuria) and should be evaluated as a potential medical cause before considering psychological factors.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Deflecting the question to the doctor does not provide the patient with helpful information and shows a lack of communication.
B. While the test can indicate renal impairment, it is more accurate to say it assesses overall kidney function rather than confirming a specific disease.
C. Although medications can affect kidney function, the serum creatinine level is not specifically for evaluating medication interference.
D. The serum creatinine test is a standard measure of kidney function, indicating how well the kidneys are filtering waste from the blood.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by the sudden onset of hematuria (reddish-brown urine), proteinuria (4+ protein), and a recent history of streptococcal infection, making it the most likely diagnosis.
B. Renal agenesis is a congenital condition and would not present suddenly with abdominal pain and hematuria.
C. Nephrotic syndrome typically presents with significant proteinuria, but the acute onset of symptoms and recent strep throat history point more toward glomerulonephritis.
D. Polycystic kidney disease usually presents with abdominal or flank pain, hypertension, and hematuria over a more chronic course, not typically after an acute infection.
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