Which clinical sign is not included in the symptoms of preeclampsia?
Edema.
Glycosuria.
Proteinuria.
Hypertension.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Edema, particularly peripheral edema, is a common clinical sign of preeclampsia. It results from fluid shifts due to increased vascular permeability and decreased plasma protein levels associated with the disease process.
Choice B rationale
Glycosuria, the presence of glucose in the urine, is not typically a symptom of preeclampsia. It is more commonly associated with gestational diabetes, a separate condition of pregnancy characterized by impaired glucose tolerance.
Choice C rationale
Proteinuria, the presence of significant amounts of protein in the urine (typically ≥300 mg in a 24-hour urine collection), is a hallmark sign of preeclampsia. It reflects glomerular endothelial damage and increased permeability.
Choice D rationale
Hypertension, defined as a blood pressure of ≥140/90 mmHg on two separate occasions at least 4 hours apart after 20 weeks of gestation, is a key diagnostic criterion for preeclampsia. It results from systemic vasoconstriction.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale: Primigravida
Primigravida (first-time pregnancy) is a known risk factor for preeclampsia. Studies show that nulliparous individuals (those who have never given birth before) have a higher likelihood of developing preeclampsia compared to multiparous individuals. The exact reason is not fully understood, but it is thought that immunological adaptation plays a role.
Choice B rationale: Age
Advanced maternal age (≥35 years) is a recognized risk factor for preeclampsia. This client is 36 years old, which places her in the higher-risk category. Older maternal age is associated with increased vascular dysfunction and underlying chronic conditions that predispose individuals to preeclampsia.
Choice C rationale: Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Type 1 diabetes mellitus significantly increases the risk of preeclampsia due to its impact on vascular health. Diabetes affects endothelial function and can cause chronic inflammation, both of which contribute to hypertension and proteinuria, hallmark symptoms of preeclampsia. Additionally, diabetes increases the risk of abnormal placentation, further raising the chances of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.
Choice D rationale: Hemoglobin level
A hemoglobin level of 12.5 g/dL is within the normal range and does not contribute to an increased risk for preeclampsia. While anemia is sometimes associated with preeclampsia, a normal hemoglobin level does not raise concern in this case. Therefore, hemoglobin is not a risk factor for preeclampsia in this patient.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Following a dilation and curettage (D&C) for a spontaneous miscarriage, the uterus needs time to heal. Resuming vaginal intercourse after approximately 2 weeks allows for some initial healing of the uterine lining and helps reduce the risk of infection. Healthcare providers typically advise waiting until bleeding has significantly decreased and discomfort has subsided.
Choice B rationale
While adequate nutrition is important for overall recovery after a miscarriage, there is no specific recommendation to increase the intake of zinc-rich foods in particular. A balanced diet supporting tissue repair is generally advised.
Choice C rationale
Aspirin is a salicylate and has antiplatelet properties. It is generally not recommended for managing cramps after a D&C due to the increased risk of bleeding. Acetaminophen or ibuprofen are typically preferred for pain relief.
Choice D rationale
Following a D&C for a spontaneous miscarriage, the products of conception have been removed from the uterus. While some vaginal bleeding is expected as the uterus heals, it should not contain identifiable fetal or placental tissue. Persistent passage of such tissue could indicate an incomplete evacuation or other complications requiring medical attention. .
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