A prenatal nurse is providing instructions to a group of pregnant clients regarding measures to prevent toxoplasmosis.
Which statement, if made by one of the clients, indicates a need for further instructions?
I need to cook meat thoroughly.
I need to drink unpasteurized milk only.
I need to avoid contact with materials that are possibly contaminated with cat feces.
I need to avoid touching mucous membranes of the mouth or eyes while handling raw meat.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Thoroughly cooking meat to an internal temperature of 160°F (71°C) kills the Toxoplasma gondii parasite, thus preventing transmission through ingestion of contaminated meat. This is a crucial preventive measure recommended for pregnant women.
Choice B rationale
Drinking unpasteurized milk poses a risk of toxoplasmosis, as well as other foodborne illnesses like listeriosis and brucellosis. Pasteurization is a process that heats milk to a specific temperature for a set time, killing harmful bacteria and parasites, including Toxoplasma gondii. Therefore, this statement indicates a need for further instruction, as pregnant women should consume only pasteurized dairy products.
Choice C rationale
Cat feces can contain oocysts of Toxoplasma gondii, which can become infectious after a period of sporulation. Avoiding contact with materials possibly contaminated with cat feces, such as litter boxes and garden soil, is an important measure to prevent toxoplasmosis.
Choice D rationale
Handling raw meat can expose a person to Toxoplasma gondii cysts. Avoiding touching mucous membranes of the mouth or eyes after handling raw meat and washing hands thoroughly reduces the risk of self-inoculation with the parasite.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hydralazine is an antihypertensive medication used to manage hypertension, not preterm labor. Administering hydralazine would be inappropriate for a client in preterm labor unless she also has hypertension.
Choice B rationale
Preparing the client for immediate delivery based solely on a lecithin-to-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio of 1: is premature. An L/S ratio of 2: or greater is generally indicative of fetal lung maturity. A ratio of 1: suggests lung immaturity, and interventions to promote lung maturity are indicated.
Choice C rationale
Infusing a bolus of IV fluids might be considered for hydration in preterm labor, but it does not directly address the issue of fetal lung immaturity indicated by the low L/S ratio. While hydration can help manage preterm contractions in some cases, it is not the primary intervention to improve fetal lung maturity.
Choice D rationale
Administering betamethasone, a corticosteroid, is the appropriate action for a client in preterm labor with a low L/S ratio (1:). Betamethasone crosses the placenta and stimulates the production of surfactant in the fetal lungs, accelerating lung maturity and reducing the risk of respiratory distress syndrome in the preterm infant. The typical dose is 12 mg IM, given in two doses 24 hours apart. .
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The stepping reflex, also known as the walking or dancing reflex, is elicited by holding the infant upright with their feet touching a flat surface. The infant will make stepping or dancing movements. This is not elicited by stroking the lateral sole of the foot.
Choice B rationale
The Babinski reflex is elicited by stroking the lateral sole of the infant's foot from the heel upward and across the ball of the foot. A positive Babinski sign is characterized by dorsiflexion of the great toe and fanning out of the other toes. This reflex is normal in infants and typically disappears by 12 to 24 months of age.
Choice C rationale
The tonic neck reflex, also known as the fencing reflex, is elicited by turning the infant's head to one side. The arm and leg on the turned side extend, while the arm and leg on the opposite side flex. Stroking the sole of the foot does not elicit this reflex.
Choice D rationale
The plantar grasp reflex is elicited by placing a finger or object across the base of the infant's toes. The toes will curl downward and grasp the object. This reflex is different from the response elicited by stroking the lateral sole of the foot. .
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