Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by high blood glucose levels and the presence of ketones in the urine, leading to metabolic acidosis and potentially life-threatening complications?

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic neuropathy.

Diabetic retinopathy.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication of diabetes mellitus characterized by high blood glucose levels, the presence of ketones in the urine, metabolic acidosis, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances. It can lead to life-threatening complications if not treated promptly.

Incorrect choices:

b. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic complication that affects the kidneys and can lead to impaired kidney function.

c. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.

d. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication that affects the blood vessels of the retina and can lead to vision loss.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance, in which cells do not respond effectively to insulin, and impaired insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is not characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin secretion as seen in type 1 diabetes.

b. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus primarily affects adults, especially those who are older and have risk factors such as obesity and sedentary lifestyle.

d. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is not caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells as seen in type 1 diabetes.

A. Random blood glucose level of 90 mg/dL. B. Random blood glucose level of 140 mg/dL or higher. C. Random blood glucose level of 110 mg/dL. D. Random blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A random blood glucose level of 140 mg/dL or higher, along with symptoms of hyperglycemia, is indicative of diabetes mellitus. Symptoms may include excessive thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. A random blood glucose level of 90 mg/dL is within the normal range.

c. This choice is incorrect. A random blood glucose level of 110 mg/dL is within the normal range.

d. This choice is incorrect. A random blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL is within the normal range

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Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by high blood glucose levels and the presence of ketones in the urine, leading to metabolic acidosis and potentially life-threatening complications?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which statement about type 2 diabetes mellitus is accurate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which diagnostic criterion is indicative of diabetes mellitus on a random blood glucose test?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by high blood glucose levels and the presence of ketones in the urine, leading to metabolic acidosis and potentially life-threatening complications?

Which type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin secretion?

Which dietary component is particularly important for individuals with diabetes mellitus to monitor and control due to its direct impact on blood glucose levels?

Which type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin production?

Which organ plays a central role in regulating blood glucose levels by secreting insulin and glucagon?

Which treatment approach involves delivering a continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion using an insulin pump and providing bolus doses before meals to mimic physiologic insulin secretion?

Which medication works by inhibiting the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys, leading to increased glucose excretion in the urine, and is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Which hormone, produced by the pancreas, plays a key role in regulating blood glucose levels by facilitating glucose uptake into cells and promoting its storage as glycogen in the liver and muscles?