Which of the following accurately describes the role of insulin in glucose metabolism?
Insulin increases blood sugar levels by promoting glucose uptake into cells.
Insulin decreases blood sugar levels by promoting glycogen breakdown in the liver.
Insulin decreases blood sugar levels by promoting glucose uptake into cells.
Insulin increases blood sugar levels by inhibiting glycogen synthesis.
The Correct Answer is C
Insulin plays a key role in glucose metabolism by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells, reducing blood sugar levels. It also promotes glycogen synthesis in the liver and muscle cells.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Insulin promotes glucose uptake into cells, leading to decreased blood sugar levels.
b. This choice is incorrect. Insulin promotes glycogen synthesis, which stores glucose and reduces blood sugar levels.
d. This choice is incorrect. Insulin promotes glycogen synthesis, contributing to the storage of glucose and lowering blood sugar levels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance, where cells do not effectively respond to insulin, and relative insulin deficiency due to impaired beta cell function.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Type 1 diabetes mellitus involves autoimmune destruction of beta cells and an absolute insulin deficiency.
c. This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy and may involve a combination of insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion.
d. This choice is incorrect. Secondary diabetes mellitus is caused by other medical conditions or factors, not primarily by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is glycated, reflecting average blood glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is a valuable tool for assessing long-term glycemic control.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. The fasting blood glucose test measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast and provides a snapshot of current glucose levels, rather than long-term control.
b. This choice is incorrect. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) measures how the body responds to a glucose load and is used to diagnose diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance, rather than monitor long-term control.
d. This choice is incorrect. The C-peptide test is used to assess insulin production by measuring the level of C-peptide, a byproduct of insulin production.
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