Which of the following accurately describes the role of insulin in glucose metabolism?
Insulin increases blood sugar levels by promoting glucose uptake into cells.
Insulin decreases blood sugar levels by promoting glycogen breakdown in the liver.
Insulin decreases blood sugar levels by promoting glucose uptake into cells.
Insulin increases blood sugar levels by inhibiting glycogen synthesis.
The Correct Answer is C
Insulin plays a key role in glucose metabolism by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells, reducing blood sugar levels. It also promotes glycogen synthesis in the liver and muscle cells.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Insulin promotes glucose uptake into cells, leading to decreased blood sugar levels.
b. This choice is incorrect. Insulin promotes glycogen synthesis, which stores glucose and reduces blood sugar levels.
d. This choice is incorrect. Insulin promotes glycogen synthesis, contributing to the storage of glucose and lowering blood sugar levels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, leading to an absolute insulin deficiency. It is not primarily characterized by insulin resistance (choice a) and is not typically diagnosed in adulthood (choice b). Oral hypoglycemic agents (choice d) are not the mainstay of treatment for type 1 diabetes.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus that results from the thickening and narrowing of small blood vessels, leading to reduced blood flow to the lower extremities. This can cause symptoms such as leg pain, numbness, and poor wound healing.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication characterized by high blood glucose levels, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis.
b. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic complication that affects the kidneys and can lead to impaired kidney function.
c. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.
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