Which of the following pathophysiological mechanisms contributes to hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus?
Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.
Increased sensitivity of cells to insulin.
Insulin resistance in target tissues.
Excess insulin production by the pancreas.
The Correct Answer is C
In type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance occurs, meaning that the body's cells do not respond effectively to the action of insulin. This leads to decreased glucose uptake by cells and elevated blood sugar levels.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells is characteristic of type 1 diabetes, not type 2.
b. This choice is incorrect. Increased sensitivity of cells to insulin would result in improved glucose uptake and reduced hyperglycemia.
d. This choice is incorrect. Excess insulin production by the pancreas is not a typical mechanism in type 2 diabetes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Diabetic cataracts result from the accumulation of glucose within the lens of the eye, leading to changes in vision and the development of cataracts. This can cause blurred vision and visual disturbances.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication that affects the blood vessels of the retina and can lead to vision loss.
b. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.
c. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication characterized by high blood glucose levels, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Secondary diabetes mellitus is caused by other medical conditions or factors that affect insulin secretion or action, such as medications, hormonal disorders, or specific medical conditions.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is primarily caused by autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
b. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus involves insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency, often influenced by lifestyle factors.
c. This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and is not primarily caused by other medical conditions or factors.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.