The nurse is explaining the role of insulin in diabetes mellitus. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further clarification?

"Insulin helps regulate blood sugar by allowing glucose to enter cells for energy."

"Insulin is produced by the pancreas and released in response to high blood sugar levels."

"In type 1 diabetes, the body does not produce insulin, so it must be administered externally."

"In type 2 diabetes, the body's cells become resistant to the effects of insulin."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

This statement is incorrect because it inaccurately suggests that insulin administration is only necessary for type 1 diabetes. While it is essential for type 1 diabetes, it can also be used in some cases of type 2 diabetes when other treatments are ineffective.

Incorrect choices:

a. This statement is correct. Insulin facilitates the entry of glucose into cells for energy.

b. This statement is correct. Insulin is produced by the pancreas and released in response to elevated blood sugar levels.

d. This statement is correct. In type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance occurs, meaning the body's cells become less responsive to the effects of insulin.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Basal-bolus insulin therapy involves administering a continuous basal insulin infusion to provide background insulin coverage and delivering bolus doses of insulin before meals to cover postprandial glucose elevations.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Oral antidiabetic medications are not used in basal-bolus insulin therapy.

c. This choice is incorrect. Sliding-scale insulin therapy involves adjusting insulin doses based on current blood glucose levels, rather than providing consistent basal and mealtime coverage.

d. This choice is incorrect. Insulin glargine therapy provides long-acting basal insulin coverage but does not involve bolus doses before meals.

A. It is characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin secretion. B. It primarily affects children and young adults. C. Insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion are key factors in its development. D. It is caused by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance, in which cells do not respond effectively to insulin, and impaired insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is not characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin secretion as seen in type 1 diabetes.

b. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus primarily affects adults, especially those who are older and have risk factors such as obesity and sedentary lifestyle.

d. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is not caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells as seen in type 1 diabetes.

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The nurse is explaining the role of insulin in diabetes mellitus. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further clarification?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which treatment approach involves delivering a continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion using an insulin pump and providing bolus doses before meals to mimic physiologic insulin secretion?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which statement about type 2 diabetes mellitus is accurate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which of the following pathophysiological mechanisms contributes to hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Which medication works by increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, facilitating glucose uptake by cells, and is commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A client with diabetes is experiencing symptoms of hypoglycemia. The nurse should instruct the client to consume:

Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by high blood glucose levels and the presence of ketones in the urine, leading to metabolic acidosis and potentially life-threatening complications?

Which laboratory test is commonly used to monitor long-term glycemic control in individuals with diabetes mellitus by measuring average blood glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 months?

Which medication enhances insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and is commonly used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Which diagnostic test is used to assess glucose tolerance and diagnose gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy?

Which clinical manifestation of diabetes mellitus is related to long-standing hyperglycemia and may result in slow wound healing and frequent infections?