The nurse is explaining the role of insulin in diabetes mellitus. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further clarification?
"Insulin helps regulate blood sugar by allowing glucose to enter cells for energy."
"Insulin is produced by the pancreas and released in response to high blood sugar levels."
"In type 1 diabetes, the body does not produce insulin, so it must be administered externally."
"In type 1 diabetes, the body's cells become resistant to the effects of insulin."
The Correct Answer is D
This statement is incorrect because it inaccurately suggests that insulin administration is only necessary for type 1 diabetes. While it is essential for type 1 diabetes, it can also be used in some cases of type 2 diabetes when other treatments are ineffective.
Incorrect choices:
a. This statement is correct. Insulin facilitates the entry of glucose into cells for energy.
b. This statement is correct. Insulin is produced by the pancreas and released in response to elevated blood sugar levels.
d. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, leading to absolute insulin deficiency. The body does not produce insulin at all, so external insulin administration is required. Insulin resistance is the hallmark of type 2 diabetes, not type 1.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune process in which the body's immune system destroys the pancreatic beta cells responsible for producing insulin. This results in an absolute deficiency of insulin, requiring exogenous insulin administration for glycemic control.
Incorrect choices:
b. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, rather than autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
c. This choice is incorrect. Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy and is not characterized by autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
d. This choice is incorrect. Prediabetes is a precursor to type 2 diabetes and involves impaired glucose tolerance, but it does not result from autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Weight loss despite increased appetite (polyphagia) is a clinical manifestation of diabetes mellitus due to the body's inability to effectively use glucose for energy, leading to breakdown of muscle and fat tissue.
Incorrect choices:
b. This choice is incorrect. Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are not directly related to weight loss despite increased appetite.
c. This choice is incorrect. Impaired wound healing and increased susceptibility to infections are consequences of chronic hyperglycemia, but they are not directly related to weight loss.
d. This choice is incorrect. Rapid weight gain and bloating are not characteristic manifestations of diabetes mellitus; weight loss is more common.
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