Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by kidney damage due to prolonged high blood glucose levels, leading to impaired kidney function and potential kidney failure?

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic neuropathy.

Diabetic retinopathy.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus that affects the kidneys and can lead to impaired kidney function and potential kidney failure. Prolonged high blood glucose levels damage the small blood vessels in the kidneys, leading to kidney damage.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication characterized by high blood glucose levels, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis.

c. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.

d. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication that affects the blood vessels of the retina and can lead to vision loss.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes mellitus that affects the blood vessels of the retina, leading to vision impairment and potential blindness. It is a result of prolonged high blood glucose levels damaging the small blood vessels in the eye.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication characterized by high blood glucose levels, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis.

b. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic complication that affects the kidneys and can lead to impaired kidney function.

c. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.

A. A large serving of pasta. B. A piece of fruit. C. A candy bar. D. A glass of wine.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Consuming a piece of fruit is an appropriate choice for treating hypoglycemia, as it provides a source of natural sugars that can help raise blood sugar levels.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. A large serving of pasta contains complex carbohydrates that may take longer to raise blood sugar levels.

c. This choice is incorrect. A candy bar may provide a quick source of sugar, but it is often high in added sugars and unhealthy fats.

d. This choice is incorrect. Alcohol can further lower blood sugar levels and is not recommended for treating hypoglycemia.

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Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by kidney damage due to prolonged high blood glucose levels, leading to impaired kidney function and potential kidney failure?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by damage to the blood vessels of the retina, leading to vision impairment and potential blindness?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with diabetes is experiencing symptoms of hypoglycemia. The nurse should instruct the client to consume:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is explaining the role of insulin in diabetes mellitus. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further clarification?

Which classification of diabetes mellitus is not related to insulin deficiency or resistance, but rather results from genetic mutations affecting the function of specific genes involved in beta cell function?

Which diagnostic test is used to assess glucose tolerance and diagnose gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy?

Which blood glucose level range is considered indicative of prediabetes?

Which classification of diabetes mellitus is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, resulting in an absolute insulin deficiency?

Which organ plays a central role in regulating blood glucose levels by secreting insulin and glucagon?

Which medication works by increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, facilitating glucose uptake by cells, and is commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Which diagnostic criterion is indicative of diabetes mellitus on a fasting blood glucose test?