Which diagnostic test involves administering a synthetic form of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) to assess the response of the kidneys and differentiate between central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
Glucose tolerance test.
Serum electrolyte panel.
Water deprivation test.
Desmopressin stimulation test.
The Correct Answer is D
The desmopressin stimulation test involves administering synthetic ADH (desmopressin) to assess the response of the kidneys and differentiate between central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. The glucose tolerance test is used to diagnose diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus.
b. This choice is incorrect. A serum electrolyte panel provides information about electrolyte levels but is not specific to diabetes insipidus diagnosis.
c. This choice is incorrect. The water deprivation test, not the desmopressin stimulation test, is used to diagnose diabetes insipidus and assess the ability of the kidneys to concentrate urine.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Desmopressin is a common medication used to manage diabetes insipidus by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys. It is important for the client to take the medication as prescribed.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. While fluid intake may need to be monitored, severe fluid restriction is not typically necessary for clients with diabetes insipidus.
b. This choice is incorrect. While reducing sodium intake may be beneficial for overall health, it is not a specific instruction for managing diabetes insipidus.
c. This choice is incorrect. Monitoring blood glucose levels is important for clients with diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The kidneys are the main target organ affected by the hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in diabetes insipidus. ADH normally acts on the kidneys to promote water reabsorption and concentrate urine. In diabetes insipidus, the lack of ADH results in excessive urine production and dilute urine.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. The liver is not the primary target organ affected by ADH in diabetes insipidus.
c. This choice is incorrect. The pancreas is not the primary target organ affected by ADH in diabetes insipidus.
d. This choice is incorrect. The heart is not the primary target organ affected by ADH in diabetes insipidus.
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