Which of the following is a potential cause of central diabetes insipidus (CDI)?
Excessive fluid intake.
Kidney dysfunction.
Trauma or injury to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland.
Hypersecretion of aldosterone.
The Correct Answer is C
Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) can be caused by trauma or injury to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland, which disrupts the production or release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Other causes of CDI include tumors, infections, and certain medications.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Excessive fluid intake can lead to increased urine output, but it is not a cause of CDI.
b. This choice is incorrect. Kidney dysfunction is not a common cause of central diabetes insipidus.
d. This choice is incorrect. Hypersecretion of aldosterone would lead to sodium retention and increased fluid volume, which is not characteristic of central diabetes insipidus.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Polyuria, or excessive urine output, is a hallmark clinical manifestation of diabetes insipidus. Clients with diabetes insipidus produce large volumes of dilute urine.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Polyphagia refers to excessive hunger and is not a characteristic symptom of diabetes insipidus.
c. This choice is incorrect. Polydipsia refers to excessive thirst and is often present in diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus.
d. This choice is incorrect. Polydyspnea refers to difficulty breathing and is not associated with diabetes insipidus.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The desmopressin stimulation test measures the response of the kidneys to synthetic ADH (desmopressin) and is used to differentiate between central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. The glucose tolerance test is used to diagnose diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus.
b. This choice is incorrect. A serum electrolyte panel provides information about electrolyte levels but is not specific to diabetes insipidus diagnosis.
c. This choice is incorrect. The water deprivation test, not the desmopressin stimulation test, is used to diagnose diabetes insipidus and assess the ability of the kidneys to concentrate urine.
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