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Which of the following is a potential cause of central diabetes insipidus (CDI)?

A.

Excessive fluid intake.

B.

Kidney dysfunction.

C.

Trauma or injury to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland.

D.

Hypersecretion of aldosterone.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) can be caused by trauma or injury to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland, which disrupts the production or release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Other causes of CDI include tumors, infections, and certain medications.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Excessive fluid intake can lead to increased urine output, but it is not a cause of CDI.

b. This choice is incorrect. Kidney dysfunction is not a common cause of central diabetes insipidus.

d. This choice is incorrect. Hypersecretion of aldosterone would lead to sodium retention and increased fluid volume, which is not characteristic of central diabetes insipidus.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The kidneys are the main target organ affected by the hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in diabetes insipidus. ADH normally acts on the kidneys to promote water reabsorption and concentrate urine. In diabetes insipidus, the lack of ADH results in excessive urine production and dilute urine.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. The liver is not the primary target organ affected by ADH in diabetes insipidus.

c. This choice is incorrect. The pancreas is not the primary target organ affected by ADH in diabetes insipidus.

d. This choice is incorrect. The heart is not the primary target organ affected by ADH in diabetes insipidus.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Desmopressin (DDAVP) is a synthetic form of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) that is commonly used to manage diabetes insipidus by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys and reducing urine output.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Limiting fluid intake to 500 mL per day is not a typical management approach for diabetes insipidus. Adequate fluid intake is necessary to prevent dehydration.

b. This choice is incorrect. Administering hypertonic saline solution is not a standard treatment for diabetes insipidus and may worsen fluid and electrolyte imbalances.

c. This choice is incorrect. Encouraging excessive fluid consumption is not a suitable approach for managing diabetes insipidus, as it can exacerbate fluid loss.

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