Which diagnostic test is the most definitive test used to detect meningitis?

CBC

Urinalysis

CT scan

Lumbar puncture

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. CBC: A CBC can indicate infection (elevated white blood cell count), but it is not specific for meningitis.

B. Urinalysis: Urinalysis is not relevant for diagnosing meningitis.

C. CT scan: A CT scan can detect complications like increased intracranial pressure but does not diagnose meningitis directly.

D. Lumbar puncture: A lumbar puncture allows direct analysis of CSF for glucose, protein, white blood cells, and organisms, which is definitive for diagnosing meningitis.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The child is confused and cannot remember anything regarding the seizure: Postictal confusion is normal after a seizure and does not require emergency services.

B. The child fell at the onset of the seizure: Falls can occur with seizures, but unless there is a suspected injury or prolonged seizure activity, calling 911 is unnecessary.

C. The seizure lasts more than 5 minutes: A seizure lasting more than 5 minutes is considered status epilepticus and is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention.

D. The child is sleepy and lethargic after the seizure: Postictal sleepiness is a common and expected phase after a generalized seizure.

A. Get the child tested for Reye's syndrome if the child exhibits. fever, vomiting and lethargy. B. Use aspirin instead of acetaminophen for children with viral illness C. Advise parents to have their children immunized against Reye's syndrome D. Avoid giving salicylate-containing medications to a child who has a viral syndrome

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "Get the child tested for Reye's syndrome if the child exhibits fever, vomiting, and lethargy.": While these are symptoms of Reye's syndrome, prevention focuses on avoiding triggers like salicylates during viral illnesses, not merely recognizing symptoms.

B. "Use aspirin instead of acetaminophen for children with viral illness.": Aspirin increases the risk of Reye's syndrome in children with viral illnesses.

C. "Advise parents to have their children immunized against Reye's syndrome.": There is no vaccine for Reye's syndrome; prevention relies on avoiding salicylate use during viral infections.

D. "Avoid giving salicylate-containing medications to a child who has a viral syndrome.": Salicylates, such as aspirin, are the primary risk factor for Reye's syndrome, so avoidance is critical.

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Which diagnostic test is the most definitive test used to detect meningitis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An adolescent has just had a generalized seizure and collapsed in the school nurse's office. When should the nurse call 911?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is planning to teach parents about prevention of Reye's syndrome. What information would the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which of the following body systems does meningitis affect?

Which of the following is a common treatment for seizures?

A nurse is caring for a child who has absence seizures. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (select all that apply.)

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a 4-year-old child who is on airborne precautions about activities he can do while in the hospital. Which of the following activities should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is collecting data from a 4-month old infant who has meningitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is caring for a preschooler who is the hospital for sickle cell disease. Which of the following should the nurse identify as an expected behavior of a preschool-age-child?

A nurse in a clinic is preparing to administer pre-kindergarten vaccines to a 5-year-old child whose medical record indicates that his immunizations are up to date. Which of the following vaccines should the nurse plan to administer?

A nurse at a pediatric hotline receives a call from a mother who plans to administer aspirin to a toddler for a fever and wants to know the dosage. Which of the following statements by the nurse is an appropriate response?