Which diet is appropriate for a stroke patient?
Thickened liquids or pureed diet
Regular diet
Renal diet
Cardiac diet
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A: Thickened liquids or pureed diet is correct because it can prevent aspiration, choking, or malnutrition in stroke patients. A stroke can impair the patient's ability to swallow, chew, or control their tongue and mouth movements. This can cause food or liquids to enter the airway instead of the esophagus, leading to pneumonia or death. A thickened liquid or pureed diet consists of foods that are smooth, soft, and easy to swallow. The nurse should assess the patient's swallowing function and provide appropriate food and drink consistency.
Choice B: Regular diet is incorrect because it can be unsafe or unsuitable for stroke patients. A regular diet consists of foods that are solid, crunchy, or sticky and require normal chewing and swallowing abilities. The nurse should not give a regular diet to a stroke patient unless they have passed a swallowing evaluation and have no signs of dysphagia.
Choice C: Renal diet is incorrect because it is not specific to stroke patients. A renal diet is designed for patients with kidney disease or failure. It limits the intake of sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and protein to reduce the workload and waste products of the kidneys. The nurse should not give a renal diet to a stroke patient unless they also have a kidney condition and a doctor's order.
Choice D: Cardiac diet is incorrect because it is not specific to stroke patients. A cardiac diet is designed for patients with heart disease or risk factors. It limits the intake of saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium, and sugar to lower the blood pressure and cholesterol levels and prevent further damage to the heart. The nurse should not give a cardiac diet to a stroke patient unless they also have a heart condition and a doctor's order.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A: Return to hospital immediately if patient is having severe headache or vomiting is correct because it can indicate increased intracranial pressure, bleeding, swelling, or infection in the brain. These are serious complications that can cause permanent damage or death. The patient and family should seek medical atention as soon as possible and not wait for other symptoms to appear.
Choice B: Return to hospital immediately for changes in level of consciousness is correct because it can also indicate worsening brain injury or complications from a head injury. Changes in level of consciousness can include confusion, drowsiness, agitation, or loss of awareness. The patient and family should monitor the patient's mental status and alertness and report any changes to the doctor.
Choice C: Call ambulance if unable to arouse patient is correct because it can mean that the patient has lost consciousness or is in a coma. This is a medical emergency that requires immediate intervention and resuscitation. The patient and family should not atempt to move or transport the patient by themselves but call for professional help.
Choice D: All of the above are correct because they are important instructions for the patient and family to follow when discharging patient home following a head injury. They can help prevent further harm or complications and ensure prompt treatment and recovery. The nurse should educate the patient and family about these instructions and provide them with writen information and contact numbers.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A: Injury from chemicals is incorrect because it is not a type of traumatic brain injury. Injury from chemicals is a type of toxic brain injury, which occurs when a substance such as alcohol, drugs, or carbon monoxide enters the bloodstream and affects the brain function or structure. It can cause symptoms such as confusion, memory loss, or seizures.
Choice B: Acceleration/deceleration injury occurs when the head accelerates and then rapidly decelerates, damaging brain tissue is correct because it is the definition of a closed traumatic brain injury. A closed traumatic brain injury occurs when the head moves violently without breaking the skull. This can cause the brain to hit against the inner wall of the skull or twist within the skull, resulting in bruising, tearing, or shearing of the brain tissue.
Choice C: Stressed injury to the brain is incorrect because it is not a type of traumatic brain injury. Stressed injury to the brain is a type of psychological brain injury, which occurs when a person experiences a traumatic event such as violence, abuse, or war. It can cause symptoms such as flashbacks, nightmares, or post-traumatic stress disorder.
Choice D: Object penetrates the brain or trauma is so severe that the scalp and skull are opened is incorrect because it is not a closed traumatic brain injury. It is a type of open traumatic brain injury, which occurs when a foreign object such as a bullet, knife, or bone fragment enters the brain or when a blunt force trauma such as a fall, collision, or assault causes a fracture or laceration of the skull. This can damage the brain tissue, blood vessels, and nerves and cause bleeding, swelling, or infection.
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