Which guideline does the nurse apply to discussion of sleep patterns with older adult clients?
The amount of stage 4 sleep increases as clients age.
Circadian rhythms become more prominent as clients age.
Older clients fall asleep more quickly than younger ones.
Total sleep time decreases as clients age.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
The amount of stage 4 (deep, slow-wave) sleep actually decreases as individuals age. Older adults tend to have less deep sleep and more fragmented sleep patterns with increased awakenings.
Choice B rationale
Circadian rhythms, the body's internal clock regulating sleep-wake cycles, tend to become less prominent or more easily disrupted as clients age. This can lead to changes in sleep timing, such as earlier bedtimes and wake times.
Choice C rationale
Older clients typically take longer to fall asleep (increased sleep latency) compared to younger individuals due to various physiological and environmental factors.
Choice D rationale
Total sleep time generally decreases with age. Older adults often require and obtain less sleep per night compared to younger adults. This is a normal physiological change associated with aging.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
"If I could just live long enough to attend my son's graduation, I would be satisfied" represents bargaining, the third stage of grief according to Kübler-Ross. In this stage, the individual attempts to negotiate or make deals to postpone the inevitable.
Choice B rationale
"I believe there has been a mistake. I should have gotten a second opinion" is a classic example of denial, the first stage of grief. Denial is a defense mechanism where the individual refuses to accept the reality of the situation, often seeking alternative explanations or contradicting information.
Choice C rationale
"I know I am depressed and I can't stop crying" exemplifies depression, the fourth stage of grief. This stage is characterized by feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and withdrawal as the reality of the loss begins to sink in.
Choice D rationale
"I am very angry and mad. This is not fair" represents anger, the second stage of grief. In this stage, the individual expresses frustration, resentment, and outrage at the situation and may direct these feelings towards others. .
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Relying solely on written communication can be time-consuming and may not be suitable for all situations or for clients with low literacy. While it can be a useful adjunct, it shouldn't replace verbal communication entirely.
Choice B rationale
Reducing time spent with the client can hinder effective communication and relationship building. It doesn't address the communication barrier and may leave the client feeling unheard and uncared for.
Choice C rationale
Speaking loudly can distort sounds and make it harder for someone with a hearing deficit to understand. It can also be perceived as disrespectful or condescending. The approach should focus on clarity, not volume.
Choice D rationale
Background noise, such as a television, can significantly interfere with a hearing-impaired person's ability to understand speech. Reducing or eliminating such distractions creates a clearer auditory environment, facilitating better comprehension of verbal communication.
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